Hydraulic and earth engineering – Drainage or irrigation – Porous or apertured pipe – flume – or tileway
Patent
1996-06-14
1998-09-22
Graysay, Tamara L.
Hydraulic and earth engineering
Drainage or irrigation
Porous or apertured pipe, flume, or tileway
405 43, 405 36, 210170, 1372361, E02B 1100, E02B 1300, E02B 316, E03B 700
Patent
active
058105107
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a drainage system and in particular to such a system designed to not only collect excess water, but to return purified water to the environment as close to the point of collection as possible. The aerated and pure water allows aerobic neg-entropic activities in the soil horizon both above and in the drainage strata itself.
2. Description of the Prior Art
For many centuries the development of land has involved installation of drainage infrastructure commencing with collection points such as gutters and downpipes, curbing and guttering, grates and sumps, open or enclosed troughs and canals, detention ponds and others. These primary collection points lead in turn into pipes which in turn feed large pipes or stormwater canals which in turn lead eventually to creeks and rivers and finally the sea. This existing method, with its concentration of runoff and resultant depletion of the oxygen content of the water, is one of the major causes of water contamination and depletion of flora and fauna on the planet since Roman times.
The continuing urbanization of the natural countryside which replaced permeable topsoil with impervious surfaces disturbs, alters and contaminates the natural surface water and groundwater tables, and results in a dramatic increase in contaminated surface runoff with resulting floods both minor and major, as water which would normally have been absorbed by the soil and flora is concentrated in man-made impermeable channels where the oxygen content of the water is greatly decreased from that of the water in the natural environment.
Water entering into these impermeable anaerobic systems undergoes entropic degradation as much litter, oil and other impurities find their way into the system, often via curbsides. The oxygen content of the water, which is lowered by mixing organic matter and pollutants, also continually decreases as it passes through the system towards the river or sea.
The accumulation of rubbish and silt in the drainage systems causes the formation of stagnant anaerobic pools which can be breeding grounds for mosquitos and diseases, especially in open drainage channels.
Much silt and soil also finds its way into drainage systems, and furthermore the additional burden on creeks and rivers causes yet further erosion, resulting in disastrous siltation lowering of oxygen content of rivers, lakes and eventually the sea. This is a major ecological problem of today.
Sportfields are becoming major offenders in ecology. Playing surfaces are becoming unplayable due to the imbalance of water in the first soil horizon. Too much or not enough water result in the degradation of the physical structure of the soil. The resultant retardation of the vegetation induces the use of large amounts of chemicals as a solution to keep the fields grassed. However, this increases the contamination of the runoff water.
When one compares the above-mentioned undesirable situation with the natural undeveloped situation, it can be seen that far larger volumes of runoff are being transported far greater distances at an increasing rate. In natural systems, rainwater is filtered through the ground, maintaining a healthy oxygen content, and is being continually cleansed by such filtration through the soil, sand and rock strata and transport slowly by aquifers.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is consequently an object of the present invention to more closely emulate natural drainage patterns by provision of an underground system which provides not only for collection and transport of stormwater, but also for return of the stormwater to the environment through porous surfaces at a locality as close as possible to the point of collection.
In one broad form the invention comprises a system comprising storage and/or piping made from module wall panels, said panels having perforations thereon. In use, the panels are assembled to form the storage and/or piping, and are then wrapped in a geofabric such that water can flow into and out of
REFERENCES:
patent: 5727901 (1998-03-01), Rennie et al.
Graysay Tamara L.
Hartmann Gary S.
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