Ultrasonic seepage meter

Details Ultrasonic seepage meter Ultrasonic seepage meter

2006-09-19

2006-09-19

Thompson, Jewel V. (Department: 2855)

Measuring and testing

Volume or rate of flow

By measuring vibrations or acoustic energy

Reexamination Certificate

active

07107859

ABSTRACT:
An ultrasonic flow meter has been adapted for such measurements in the submarine environment. Connected to a collection funnel, the meter houses two piezoelectric transducers mounted at opposite ends of a cylindrical flow tube. By monitoring the perturbations of fluid flow on the propagation of sound waves inside the flow tube, the ultrasonic meter can measure both forward and reverse fluid flows in real time. Laboratory and field calibrations show that the ultrasonic meter can resolve groundwater discharges in both the forward and reverse directions on the order of 0.1 μm/s (<1 cm/d), and it is sufficiently robust for deployment in the field for several days. Data collected with the meter elucidate the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of submarine groundwater discharge and its interplay with tidal loading and other driving forces. A negative correlation between the discharge and tidal elevation can be observed.

REFERENCES:
patent: 6874371 (2005-04-01), Smith et al.
Belander, TV. et al., “Seepage Meter Error,” Limnology and Oceanography, v. 37, No. 8, 1992, pp. 1787-1795.
Cherkauer, D.A., et al., “A Remotely Operated Seepage Meter for Use in Large Lakes and Rivers,” Ground Water, v. 26, No. 2, pp. 165-171.
Lee, D.R., “A device for measuring seepage flux in lakes and estuaries,” Limnology and Oceanography, v. 22, No. 1, 1977, pp. 140-147.
Shaw, R.D., et al., “Anomalous, short-term influx of water into seepage meters,” Limnology and Oceanography, v. 34, No. 7, 1989, pp. 1343-1351.
Taniguchi, M., et al., “Continuous Measurements of Ground-Water Seepage Using an Automatic Seepage Meter,” Ground Water, v. 31, No. 4, 1993, pp. 675-679.
Taniguchi, M. ,et al., “Measurements of submarine groundwater discharge rates by a continuous heat-type automated seepage meter in Osaka Bay, Japan,” 2001, pp. 271-277.
Taniguchi, M., et al., “Investigation of submarine groundwater discharge,” Hydrological Processes, v. 16, 2002, pp. 2115-2129.
Paulsen, R.J., et al., “Development and Evaluation of an Ultrasonic Ground Water Seepage Meter,” Ground Water, v. 39, No. 6, 2001, pp. 904-911.

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