Ultrasonic seepage meter

Measuring and testing – Volume or rate of flow – By measuring vibrations or acoustic energy

Reexamination Certificate

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Reexamination Certificate

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06874371

ABSTRACT:
An ultrasonic flow meter has been adapted for such measurements in the submarine environment. Connected to a collection funnel, the meter houses two piezoelectric transducers mounted at opposite ends of a cylindrical flow tube. By monitoring the perturbations of fluid flow on the propagation of sound waves inside the flow tube, the ultrasonic meter can measure both forward and reverse fluid flows in real time. Laboratory and calibrations show that the ultrasonic meter can resolve groundwater discharges in both the forward and reverse directions on the order of 0.1 μm/s (<1 cm/d), and it is sufficiently robust for deployment in the field for several days. Data collected with the mater elucidate the temporal and spatial heterogeneity of submarine groundwater discharge and its interplay with tidal loading and other driving forces. A negative correlation between the discharge and tidal elevation can be observed.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4431425 (1984-02-01), Thompson et al.
patent: 4669308 (1987-06-01), Jorritsma
patent: 5497663 (1996-03-01), Reay et al.
Chadwick, B. et al, “Offshore Porewater and Flux Chamber Sampling of San Diego Bay Sediments at Site 9, Naval Air Station, North Island,” SPAWAR Systems Center San Diego, Technical Report 1799, Jul. 1999, 39 p.
McIlvaine, C.L., “A Comparative Study of Groundwater Discharge Rates to Silver Bay and Toms River: Northern Barnegat Bay, New Jersey,” M.S. Thesis, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lehigh University, Apr. 1998, 191 p.

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