Measuring and testing – Vibration – Resonance – frequency – or amplitude study
Patent
1996-05-30
1998-04-14
Williams, Hezron E.
Measuring and testing
Vibration
Resonance, frequency, or amplitude study
73 6149, 73 6175, 73 6179, 73 6453, G01N 2900
Patent
active
057394326
ABSTRACT:
Ultrasonic characterization of single drops of liquids. The present invention includes the use of two closely spaced transducers, or one transducer and a closely spaced reflector plate, to form an interferometer suitable for ultrasonic characterization of droplet-size and smaller samples without the need for a container. The droplet is held between the interferometer elements, whose distance apart may be adjusted, by surface tension. The surfaces of the interferometer elements may be readily cleansed by a stream of solvent followed by purified air when it is desired to change samples. A single drop of liquid is sufficient for high-quality measurement. Examples of samples which may be investigated using the apparatus and method of the present invention include biological specimens (tear drops; blood and other body fluid samples; samples from tumors, tissues, and organs; secretions from tissues and organs; snake and bee venom, etc.) for diagnostic evaluation, samples in forensic investigations, and detection of drugs in small quantities.
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D. J. McClements and P. Fairley, "Frequency Scanning Ultrasonic Pulse Echo Reflectometer," Ultrasonics 30, 403 (1992).
F. Eggers and Th. Funck, "Ultrasonic Measurements with Milliliter Liquid Samples in the 0.5-100 MHz Range," Rev. Sci. Instrum. 44, 969 Aug., 1973.
A. P. Sarvazyan, "Development of Methods of Precise Ultrasonic Measurements in Small Volumes of Liquids," Ultrasonics 20, 151 Jul. 1982.
Ashraf Nashmiya
Freund Samuel M.
The Regents of the University of California
Williams Hezron E.
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