Solid anti-friction devices – materials therefor – lubricant or se – Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and... – Organic -co- compound
Patent
1998-05-19
1999-08-24
Howard, Jacqueline V.
Solid anti-friction devices, materials therefor, lubricant or se
Lubricants or separants for moving solid surfaces and...
Organic -co- compound
508499, 508463, 44389, 44388, C10M16904
Patent
active
059424745
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a lubricant composition useful as a two-cycle oil. More particularly the invention relates to two-cycle synthetic oil which complies with certain test standards for land equipment, gasoline fuelled, two-cycle engines, such as motorcycle engines, moped engines, snowmobile engines, lawn mower engines and the like. Two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines now range from small, less than 50 cc engines, to higher performance engines of 200 to 500 cc. The development of such high performance engines has created the need for new two-cycle oil standards and test procedures. The present composition exhibits improved detergency and reduced exhaust port blocking characteristics.
Two-cycle engines are lubricated by mixing the fuel and lubricant and allowing the mixed composition to pass through the engine. Various types of two-cycle oils, compatible with fuel, have been described in the art. Typically, such oils contain a variety of additive components in order for the oil to pass industry standard tests to permit use in two-cycle engines.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,994,196 (1991) discloses two-cycle engine oils comprising alpha olefin dicarboxylic ester copolymers in combination with esters of pentaerythritol and calcium phenate.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,378,249 (1995) discloses biodegradable two-cycle engine oil compositions which comprise 20-80% of a heavy ester having a viscosity of at least 7 cSt at 100.degree. in combination with 10-85 weight percent of a light ester oil having a viscosity less than 6.0 cSt at 100.degree..
EP-A-0 572 273 discloses lubricating oil compositions for two-stroke engines comprising 30 to 70% of a polyol ester, 30 to 70% of a diester and 1 to 5% of a polybutene of molecular weight 500 to 2500 and/or 1 to 5% of a polymethylmethacrylate of molecular weight 5,000 to 40,000 and 5 to 25% of a dispersant. The compositions have good bio-degradability.
EP-A-0 640 680 discloses two-stroke oil compositions comprising polybutenes which are very low in, or substantially free of n-butenes in order to achieve low smoke emission. Synthetic esters may be present but specific esters are not disclosed.
The present invention is based on the discovery that the use of a blend of ester basestock oils in two-cycle oil formulations provides lubricants which exhibit improvements, as measured by two-cycle engine tests, most notably in exhaust port blocking reduction and detergency.
Accordingly, there has been discovered a two-cycle lubricating oil composition comprising: of pentaerythritol (technical grade) with a mixture of C.sub.8 branched and C.sub.8 -C.sub.10 linear morocarboxylic acids, the oil having a viscosity of 6 to 8 mm.sup.2 /s (cSt) at 100.degree. C.; alcohol ester of a dicarboxylic acid, the oil having a viscosity of 3 to 10 mm.sup.2 /s (cst) at 100.degree. C.; polyisobutylene or a mixture of polybutenes and polyisobutylenes having a number average molecular weight of 300 to 1500; of up to 300.degree. C.; and a flash point of 60.degree. to 120.degree. C., and
This invention also comprises the use of the foregoing oil in a two-cycle engine.
The first synthetic ester base oil is known in the art and is the ester of technical grade pentaerythritol with a mixture of (a) C.sub.8 branched monocarboxylic acids and (b) linear mixed C.sub.8 and C.sub.10 monocarboxylic acids. Technical grade pentaerythritol contains 86-90% by weight monopentaerythritol, 7-12% dipentaerythritol and 1-2% tripentaerythritol. The acids comprise 45-55 mol % of branched C.sub.8 acids, preferably 45 mol %, and 55-45 mol % of a mixture of linear C.sub.8 and C.sub.10 acids, preferably 55 mol %. This acid mixture of linear octanoic and decanoic acids comprises 48-58 mol % of C.sub.8 and 36-42 mol % of C.sub.10, and very minor amounts of nC.sub.6 and nC.sub.12 acids, e.g. 3-5 mol % nC.sub.6 and 0.5-1 mol % nC.sub.12 acid are typically present. The preferred ester oil has a viscosity of 6.8 mm.sup.2 /s (cSt) at 100.degree. C. and the preferred amount is 15% by weight.
The second synthetic ester component is a basestock oil comprising an
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L'Heureux George C
Lewis Eric
Tiffany George Mortimer
Exxon Chemical Patents Inc
Howard Jacqueline V.
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