Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e. – impellers) – Rotor having flow confining or deflecting web – shroud or... – Radially extending web or end plate
Patent
1997-10-23
2000-05-16
Look, Edward K.
Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e., impellers)
Rotor having flow confining or deflecting web, shroud or...
Radially extending web or end plate
416223B, 416188, 415181, F04D 2928
Patent
active
060628197
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This is the national stage of International Application No. PCT/GB95/02904 filed Dec. 7, 1995.
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a turbomachinery and a method of manufacturing the turbomachinery which includes a centrifugal pump or a mixed flow pump for pumping liquid, a blower or a compressor for compression of gas, and more particularly to a turbomachinery having an impeller which has a fluid dynamically improved blade profile for suppressing a meridional component of secondary flow, and a method of manufacturing such a turbomachinery.
BACKGROUND ART
Conventionally, in flow channels of an impeller in a centrifugal or a mixed flow turbomachinery, main flows flowing along the flow channels are affected by secondary flows generated by movement of low energy fluid in boundary layers on wall surfaces due to static pressure gradients in the flow channels. This phenomenon leads to the formation of streamwise vortices or flows having non-uniform velocity in the flow channel, which in turn results in a substantial fluid energy loss not only in the impeller but also in the diffuser or guide vanes downstream of the impeller.
The secondary flow is defined as a flow which has a velocity component perpendicular to the main flow. The total energy loss caused by the secondary flows is referred to as the secondary flow loss. The low energy fluid accumulated at a certain region in the flow channel may cause flow separation on a large scale, thus producing a positively sloped characteristic curve and hence preventing stable operation of the turbomachine.
There is a known approach for suppressing the secondary flows in a turbomachine which is to make the impeller have a specific flow channel geometry. As an example of such approach using a specific flow channel geometry, there is a known method in which blades of the impeller in an axial turbomachine are leaned towards the circumferential direction thereof or the direction of the suction or the discharge side (L. H. Smith and H. Yeh, "Sweep and Dihedral Effects in Axial Flow Turbomachinery", Trans ASME, Journal of Basic Engineering, Vol. 85, No. 3, 1963, pp. 401-416), or a method in which blades in a turbine cascade are leaned or curved toward a circumferential direction thereof (W. Zhongqi, et al., "An Experimental Investigation into the Reasons of Reducing Secondary Flow Losses by Using Leaned Blades in Rectangular Turbine Cascades with Incidence Angle", ASME Paper 88-GT-4), or a method in which a radial rotor has a blade curvature in the spanwise direction with a convex blade pressure surface and/or a concave blade suction surface (GB2224083A). These methods are known to have a favorable influence upon the secondary flows in the flow channel if applied appropriately.
However, since the influence of the profile of a blade camber line or a blade cross-section upon the secondary flow has not been essentially known, the effect of blade lean or spanwise blade curvature is utilized under a certain limitation without changing the blade camber line or the blade cross-section substantially. Further, Japanese laid-open Patent Publication No. 60-10281 discloses a structure in which a projecting portion is provided at the corner of a hub surface and a blade surface in a turbomachine to reduce the secondary flow loss. Since such flow channel profile is a specific blade profile having a nonaxisymmetric hub surface, it is difficult to manufacture the impeller.
In all cases of the above prior art, the method of achieving the effect universally has not been sufficiently studied. Therefore, the universal methods of suppressing the secondary flows under different design conditions and for different types of turbomachines have not been established. Under these circumstances, there are many cases that the above effect is reduced, or to make matters worse, undesirable effects are obtained.
In general, the three-dimensional geometry of an impeller is defined as a meridional geometry formed by a hub surface and a shroud surface and a
REFERENCES:
patent: 3028140 (1962-04-01), Lage
patent: 4465433 (1984-08-01), Bischoff
patent: 5112195 (1992-05-01), Cox
patent: 5458457 (1995-10-01), Goto et al.
patent: 5685696 (1997-11-01), Zangeneh et al.
L.H. Smith and H. Yeh, "Sweep and Dihedral Effects in Axial-Flow Turbomachinery", Transaction of the ASME, Journal of Basic Engineering, vol. 85, No. 3, Sep. 1963.
W. Zhongi, et al., "An Experimental Investigation into the Reasons of Reducing Secondary Flow Losses by Using Leaned Blades in Rectangular Turbine Cascades with Incidence Angle", ASME Paper 88-GT-4, Jun. 1988.
T.E. Biesinger and D.G. Gregory-Smith, "Reduction in Secondary Flows and Losses in a Turbine Cascade by Upstream Boundary Layer Blowing", ASME Paper 93-GT-114, May 1993.
Zangeneh, M., "A Compressible Three-Dimensional Design Method for Radial and Mixed Flow Turbomachinery Blades", International Journal of Numerical Methods of Fluids, vol. 13, 1991.
Borges, J.E., "A Three-Dimensional Inverse Method for Turbomachinery: Part I-Theory" Transaction of the ASME, Journal of Turbomachinery, vol. 112, Jul. 1990.
Yang, Y.L., Tan, C.S. and Hawthorne, W.R., "Aerodynamic Design of Turbomachinery Blading in Three-Dimensional Flow: An Application to Radial Inflow Turbines", ASME Paper 92-GT-74, Jun. 1992.
Dang, T.Q., "A Fully Three-Dimensional Inverse Method for Turbomachinery Blading in Transonic Flows", Transaction of the ASME, Journal of Turbomachinery, vol. 115, Apr. 1993.
Dawes, W.N., "Development of a 3D Navier Stokes Solver for Application to all Types of Turbomachinery", ASME Paper 88-GT-70, Jun. 1988.
Stepanoff, A.J., "Centrifugal and Axial Flow Pumps", John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1957.
Dicmas, J.L., "Vertical Turbine, Mixed Flow and Propeller Pumps", MacGraw-Hill, New York, 1962.
Borges, J.E., "A Proposed Through-Flow Inverse Method for the Design of Mixed-Flow Pumps", International Journal of Numerical Methods in Fluids, vol. 17, 1993.
Zangeneh, M. and Hawthorne, W.R., "A Fully Compressible Three Dimensional Inverse Design Method Applicable to Radial and Mixed Flow Turbomachines", ASME Paper 90-GT-198, Jun. 1990.
Zangeneh, M., "Three Dimensional Design of a High Speed Radial Inflow Turbine by a Novel Design Method", ASME Paper 90-GT-235, Jun. 1990.
Zangeneh, M., "Inviscid-Viscous Interaction Method for 3D Inverse Design of Centrifugal Impellers", ASME Paper 93-GT-103, May 1993.
Goto, A., Zangeneh, M. and Takemura, T., "International Flow Fields in a Mixed-Flow Impeller Designed by Three-Dimensional Inverse Method", The Lecture of the 30th General Meeting in the Association of Turbomachinery, May 1994.
Zangeneh, M., Goto, A. and Takemura, T., "Suppression of Secondary Flows in a Mixed-Flow Pump Impeller by Application of 3D Inverse Design Method: Part 1--Design And Numerical Validation", ASME Paper 94-GT-45, Jun. 1994.
Goto, A., Takemura T. and Zangeneh, M., "Suppression of Secondary Flows in a Mixed-Flow Pump Impeller by Application of 3D Inverse Design Method: Part 2--Experimental Validation", ASME Paper 94-GT-46, Jun. 1994.
Zangeneh, M., "Inverse Design of Centrifugal Compressor Vaned Diffusers in Inlet Shear Flows", ASME Paper 94-GT-144, Jun. 1994.
Goto Akira
Harada Hideomi
Zangeneh Mehrdad
Ebara Corporation
Ebara Research Co. Ltd.
Look Edward K.
University College London
Woo Richard
LandOfFree
Turbomachinery and method of manufacturing the same does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Turbomachinery and method of manufacturing the same, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Turbomachinery and method of manufacturing the same will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-253536