Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e. – impellers) – With means positioning fluid current driven impeller... – Feathering cycle related to flow direction
Patent
1984-04-30
1985-11-26
Powell, Jr., Everette A.
Fluid reaction surfaces (i.e., impellers)
With means positioning fluid current driven impeller...
Feathering cycle related to flow direction
416119, F03D 304
Patent
active
045552185
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application is a National Phase Application corresponding to PCT/SE 83/00347 filed Oct. 4, 1983 under the Patent Cooperation Treaty and based, in turn, upon an Application 82 05692-0 filed Oct. 6, 1982 in Sweden under the Interational Convention.
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a turbo machine of the rotodynamic type having a rotor adapted to be traversed by a flow of a medium in a direction to transverse to the axis of rotation, and provided with at least one vane which is pivotally adjustable during operation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Rotodynamic turbo machines are provided in several known constructions such as Voith-Schneider ship propellers, Darrieus and Savonius rotors for wind turbines, the Ossberger or Mitchell turbines for water drive and the so called transverse current or cross flow fan. The Voith-Schneider propellers usually have rotor vanes which can be re-adjusted when rotating.
In a rotor which is traversed by a flow transversally to its rotational axis and which is relatively sparsely fitted with vanes, there must in general exist the possibility to turn ("to angle") the vanes relative to a tangent to their circular path. The character and the degree of the angular adjustment is in every position of the vanes governed by the condition that a line which is normal to the plane in which a vane extends (i.e. to the plane of symmetry of a vane which generally has profiled shape) shall at least approximately pass through a so called control point. In the Darrieus rotor e.g. the control point is located on the rotational axis of the rotor and the vanes have a fixed position, so that these planes always lie tangentially to the circular path of the vanes.
Adjustment of the vanes of a turbine is desirable partly to obtain a sufficiently great starting torque, partly in order to be able to regulate the output effect and/or the number of revolutions as required, and partly in order to be able to avoid overloading when the medium flowing through the rotor has a too great inflow velocity. When transverse flow machines are not used as turbines, but as pumps, fans, agitators and the like, the possibility to re-adjust the vanes enables the capacity to be readily changed as required and with an only insignificant deterioration of efficiency.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a turbo machine of the type stated above, in which the adjustment of the vanes can be performed in a very easy, but at the same time reliable manner, and without the need of complicated devices for transmitting the setting force to a turning rotor.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
A turbine shall have a relatively small diameter in order to obtain high rotational velocity in a generator and, with a given area of through-flow, the rotor, i.e. the vanes, must then have relatively great axial length. Re-adjustment of the vanes in such a rotor is very complicated according to known methods. This drawback is eliminated by the present invention and, among other things, the field of application of transverse current machines with rotors which are relatively sparsely fitted with vanes becomes extended so that even the use of water power is included.
Small water turbines of so called micro size (i.e. having power outputs lower than appr. 100 kW) could up to now not have been built with a reasonable cost for heads of less than appr. 3 meters. According to the invention, such a turbine can be built even for heads in the order of magnitude of 0.5 meters, because the turbine, inspite of the low head, turns at high speed and has in terms of the measuring units "cubic meter per second and meter" so called specific velocities on the order of magnitude of up to appr. 1000 rotations per minute.
According to the invention at least one vane is in at least one pivot point mounted in the rotor so as to be able to pivot about two pivot axes which at least approximately are perpendicular one to another and of which at least one subtends to a control an
REFERENCES:
patent: 1753252 (1930-04-01), Strandgren
patent: 1775593 (1930-09-01), Kahn
patent: 1835018 (1931-12-01), Darrieus
patent: 3912937 (1975-10-01), Lesser
patent: 3973864 (1976-08-01), Atherton
patent: 4151424 (1979-04-01), Bailey
patent: 4315713 (1982-02-01), Verplanke
Jonsson Arne
Nyman Sigurd
Olelind Eskil K.
Olofsson Bjorn
Dubno Herbert
Jonsson Pumpkonsult
Powell Jr. Everette A.
Ross Karl F.
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