Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – Including thermal expansion joint
Patent
1986-11-14
1988-10-18
Schwartz, Larry I.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
Including thermal expansion joint
415138, 415219R, F01D 104
Patent
active
047783370
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
In the casings of turbo-engines, particularly multi-stage turbo-engines, the adapting of the thermal behavior with the passage of time to that of the rotor so as to maintain the radial gap over rotor blades and stator vanes constant upon a change in load is always a problem. It is known that, in particular, the gap around the rotor blades has a great effect on efficiency, compressor stall and fuel consumption.
In the design of this casing, the following criteria, among others, are to be taken into account, in addition to the above-mentioned behavior: inaccessibility/small tolerances in the case of accessibility
The designs known today are generally subdivided into horizontally (or vertically) divided casings and casings consisting of rings. A cup-shaped casing with suspended segments is another known possibility.
The gap control is generally effected (if provided at all) by blowing against the housing above the rotor blades.
Other problems exist in the case of horizontally or vertically divided cases.
The advantages of one construction cannot be carried over in to the other.
In the case or ring casings, the following advantages are obtained:
In the case of horizontally divided casings, the following advantages are obtained:
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention seeks to obtain, in addition to the optimalizing of the thermal (radial) gap behavior of a turbo-engine, also the combination of the advantages of ring casings and horizontally divided casings.
This object is achieved by the features set forth in the claims.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
FIG. 1 is an axial sectional view of a turbo-engine casing according to the invention.
FIG. 2 is a section taken on line A--A in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a section taken on line B--B in FIG. 1.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
The drawing shows, by way of example, a housing structure of a turbo engine with stator vanes therein. The inner casing consists of ring-shaped end casings 1 and 2, horizontally spaced casings 3, 4, 5 and 6, in the form of annular shell elements ring-shaped blow-out casings 7 and 8, and ring-shaped layer supports 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 with their respective run-in layers 9'; 10'; 11'; 12'; and 13'. The stator vanes are designated 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18 and the rotor blades by 19, 20,21, 22,23 and 24. Furthermore, covers 25, 26, 27 are provided in order to screen off or cover the casings 3-6 5 between the pairs of flanges thereof which determine the thermal behavior, and heat barrier layers 28,29, 20 and 31 may be applied to the covers. The covers 25, 26, 27 are connected to an outer casing 33.
The advantages of the invention over the prior are can be noted from the following:
Thermal behavior:
Optimalized by the arrangement of the rigid flanges of the casings over the rotor vanes in a favorable ratio of radial flange height to length of rotor blade, by the screening elements or covers 25-27 for or casings 3-6 and the heat barrier layers 28-31. The tendency of horizontally divided casings to assume a lemon shape is not transferred to the annular-contour due to these rigid flanges.
Manufacture:
Casing parts have centering seats which serve at the same time to receive the stator vane feet; the casing parts i.e. supports 9-13 which are provided with run-in layers 9'-13' are treated separately; the spray layers are readily accessible on both sides; no deep, inaccessible notches for the reception of the stator vane feet required.
Assembly in case of complete rotor:
In the event, for instance, that the parts 1, 14 and 9 have already been assembled, the stator vanes 15 are brought radially inward within the region of section A--A and pushed axially onto the layer support 9. Next, the layer support 10 is pushed into the right-hand hook of the stator vanes 15, in which connection the radial position of these stator vanes can still be checked from the outside. Thereupon, the angular segments of divided casing 3 (see FIGS. 1 and 2) are placed over the layer supports 9 and 10, screwed together radially along dividing joint 34 b
REFERENCES:
patent: 3343806 (1967-09-01), Bobo et al.
patent: 4019320 (1977-04-01), Redinger
patent: 4023919 (1977-05-01), Patterson
patent: 4101242 (1978-07-01), Coplin et al.
MTU Motoren-und Turbinen-Union Munchen GmbH
Schwartz Larry I.
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