Power plants – Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy... – With supercharging means for engine
Patent
1995-01-09
1998-02-03
Koczo, Michael
Power plants
Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy...
With supercharging means for engine
606051, F02B 3712
Patent
active
057132046
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to turbo compounders.
It has long been recognized that internal combustion engines reject a significant amount of useful work in the exhaust gases produced by the engine. It is also well recognized that the output of the engine can be improved by increasing the charge for each cylinder by compressing the inlet gases.
Advantage is taken of both these characteristics when using a turbo charger which essentially is an exhaust driven turbine that drives a compressor and delivers compressed air to the intake of the engine. The delivery of compressed air is, however, dependent upon the turbine characteristics which must be made to operate over a wide range of conditions. Under certain conditions, therefore, the turbine does not receive sufficient energy from the exhaust gases to compress the intake air and the engine does not operate efficiently. At other times the exhaust gas flow is sufficiently high that the mass flow supplied to the intake is too great. As a result, exhaust gases are bypassed around the turbine to avoid overcharging of the engine.
It has also been recognized that increased benefits in terms of energy recovery can be obtained if the exhaust driven turbine is used to drive not only the compressor but also to supply useful work to supplement the output of the engine. This, however, places a further inhibition on the operation of the engine since, under certain conditions, the turbine is unable to deliver useful work and indeed the attempt to extract useful work from the turbine may impede the supply of compressed air to the intake.
With compression ignition engines, the speed of the engine is regulated primarily by the fuel supply. In order to increase the speed or power output of the engine, the fuel supply is increased by operation of an "accelerator" control. However, when the control is adjusted, excess fuel is supplied to the engine until it has attained an increased speed. During acceleration, therefore, the fuel/air mixture is rich which leads to the production of excessive pollutants. This is particularly noticeable where the engine is turbocharged but is operating in the condition where the turbocharger is not receiving sufficient energy from the exhaust to provide compressed air to the intake.
There is therefore a need for a system that manages the transfer of energy between the engine output and the turbocharger and facilitates control of an engine to improve the energy recovered and mitigate the pollutants produced.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a turbo compounding system in which the above disadvantages are obviated or mitigated.
According to the present invention, there is provided an internal combustion engine to deliver work to an output shaft and having an air intake to receive combustion air and an exhaust to discharge combustion byproducts, said engine further comprising a compressor assembly having a turbine to receive combustion byproducts from said exhaust to extract work therefrom and a compressor driven by said turbine to elevate the pressure of combustion air in said intake and a hydraulic transmission to transfer work between said compressor assembly and said output shaft, said transmission including a first variable capacity machine operably connected to said compressor assembly and adjustable to extract work from said turbine and to deliver work to said compressor, a second variable capacity machine operably connected to said output shaft to receive work therefrom, a fluid pressure reservoir connected to each of said first and second variable capacity machines to receive fluid pressure therefrom and deliver fluid pressure thereto, and a controller including a first control operable upon said first machine to adjust the capacity thereof to maintain said compressor at a predetermined operating condition and a second control operable upon said second machine to vary the capacity thereof to maintain said reservoir at a predetermined operating condition.
Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way
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patent: 4083188 (1978-04-01), Kumm
patent: 4312183 (1982-01-01), Regar
patent: 4617799 (1986-10-01), Todokoro et al.
patent: 4729225 (1988-03-01), Bucher
patent: 4803969 (1989-02-01), Hiereth et al.
814405 Ontario Limited
Koczo Michael
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