Power plants – Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy...
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-16
2001-02-13
Koczo, Michael (Department: 3748)
Power plants
Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy...
C060S280000, C060S605100
Reexamination Certificate
active
06185938
ABSTRACT:
The present invention relates to a five-cylinder turbo-charged internal combustion engine with an exhaust manifold connected to a turbine housing, said manifold comprising five exhaust manifold conduits, of which four are combined in pairs and open into an inlet into the turbine housing.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,207,742 reveals as previously known a five-cylinder engine of this type which has a turbine housing with three inlet openings opening into a common inlet channel to the interior of the turbine housing. The pairs of exhaust manifold conduits are each connected to a larger inlet opening, while the fifth exhaust manifold conduit is connected to its own smaller inlet opening. A five-cylinder engine places higher demands on the design of the exhaust manifold than a four-cylinder engine does due to the fact that the overlap between the exhaust valves in the open position is greater than in the four-cylinder engine, and therefore the risk of the cylinders disrupting each other during gas exchange is greater. The described distribution makes possible a form of three-pulse supercharging which limits the disturbing influence of the cylinders on each other during gas exchange.
In the above described known engine, the exhaust manifold conduit of the one outer cylinder is directly connected to the turbine housing. The exhaust manifold conduit from the next cylinder flows together with the exhaust manifold conduit of the second outer cylinder, and the two exhaust manifold conduits of the two remaining cylinders are combined with each other. This means that if we disregard the cylinder with the separate exhaust manifold conduit, the exhaust manifold conduits from the other four cylinders are grouped in the same manner as is common in a four-cylinder engine, i.e. the exhaust manifold conduits from the outer cylinders flow together, as do the exhaust manifold conduits from the middle cylinders.
One purpose of the purpose invention is in general, starting from the above design, to achieve increased component compatibility between the four-cylinder and the five-cylinder engines. An additional purpose of the invention is to achieve a five. cylinder engine of the type described by way of introduction, which has a basic design which makes possible both true pressure-wave super-charging and lower emissions at start.
This is achieved according to the invention by virtue of the fact that the fifth exhaust manifold conduit is drawn past the turbine housing and opens into an exhaust pipe on the downstream side of the turbine housing.
The invention is based on the insight that the disadvantage of not utilizing the energy from the fifth cylinder to drive the turbine is less than the other advantages which can be achieved, for example, the elimination of pressure-waves from the fifth cylinder which can disturb other cylinders. A result will be that an exhaust manifold conduit with associated turbine for a four-cylinder engine can be used without modification on a five-cylinder engine. This, of course, presupposes that the only difference between the four and five-cylinder engine is the number of cylinders.
In order to fully exploit the advantages of allowing only four cylinders to drive the turbine of a five-cylinder engine, there is utilized in a further development of the basic invention an exhaust turbine of so-called twin-entry type, which has a turbine housing with a separate inlet for each of two separate inlet channels to the interior of the turbine housing. By connecting a pair of exhaust manifold conduits to each turbine inlet, true pressure-wave super-charging is achieved in a five-cylinder engine as well, which improves the values for residual gas and degree of filling, especially at low rpm where the response is determined.
It is previously known in the exhaust manifold of a suction engine to arrange an extra so-called start-up catalytic converter which, by virtue of its placement close to the engine cylinders, will be more rapidly warmed up than the ordinary main catalytic converter placed in the exhaust pipe. The extra catalytic converter contributes to more rapid warming-up of the main catalytic converter, and this results in lower emissions at start.
In a preferred embodiment of an engine according to the invention, which, in an exhaust conduit on the downstream side of the turbine housing, has a catalytic exhaust cleaner, the fifth exhaust manifold conduit opens into said exhaust pipe upstream of the exhaust cleaner and contains an additional catalytic exhaust cleaner. A catalytic exhaust cleaner creates a certain exhaust counter-pressure and can therefor not be placed in the exhaust manifold between the engine block and the turbine housing in a turbo engine, but the arrangement with a fifth exhaust manifold conduit drawn past the turbine makes it possible to also utilize a start-up catalytic converter in a turbo engine. The catalytic converter also contributes here to creating an exhaust counter-pressure in balance with the counter-pressure which the turbine generates in the other four exhaust manifold conduits.
REFERENCES:
patent: 3469393 (1969-09-01), Tryhorn
patent: 4207742 (1980-06-01), Dommes et al.
patent: 4249382 (1981-02-01), Evans et al.
patent: 4270356 (1981-06-01), Will et al.
patent: 4406126 (1983-09-01), Yokokura et al.
patent: 3312093 (1984-10-01), None
patent: 2483515 (1981-12-01), None
patent: 57-93615 (1982-06-01), None
Nilsson Lars
Olsson Patrick
Tollmen Johan
Wemmert Fredrik
Zander Lennarth
AB Volvo
Koczo Michael
Young & Thompson
LandOfFree
Turbo-charged internal combustion engine does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Turbo-charged internal combustion engine, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Turbo-charged internal combustion engine will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2573947