Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps – With control means responsive to non-cyclic condition... – By shaft speed or torque responsive means
Patent
1989-07-13
1991-11-19
Kwon, John T.
Rotary kinetic fluid motors or pumps
With control means responsive to non-cyclic condition...
By shaft speed or torque responsive means
415178, 239459, 251 28, F04D 1502
Patent
active
050661914
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a turbine with a control and regulating system.
Control and regulating systems for turbines serve to keep the speed constant independent of the load. For turbines, in particular also for water-operated Pelton turbines, for example, so-called needle valves are frequently used, wherein a conical needle moves axially in a tube-like counterpart, so that a greater or lesser quantity of water is let through by which the power output of the turbine can be adapted to the respective requirements.
Regulated turbines of the described type are used mainly as a drive for generators, i.e. for generating electricity. With this application very precise regulation is required, which in the event of changes in the load, i.e. the switching on and off of electrical appliances by consumers, adapts the power output of the turbine practically without changing its speed. In this connection we speak of the statics of the turbine regulating system. The smaller the statics of a turbine regulating system, the more the speed of a turbine will be kept constant during changes in the load. Regulating systems with small statics are complicated and, therefore, expensive to produce.
If a turbine is used to drive, for example, a rope winch, it is also desirable to regulate the speed or power output of the turbine within certain limits. However, here one can dispense with the small statics which are absolutely essential for generating electricity.
It is an object of this invention to provide a turbine, the regulating and control of which is adequate for machines which do not generate electricity.
According to the invention such a turbine is characterized in that the hydraulic control and regulating system comprises a follow-up piston arrangement with a pilot piston and a control piston, as well as a hydraulic pump which produces a pressure which is dependent on the speed of the turbine, in that the delivery of the pump is passed at least partly through a first branch with the pilot piston and through a parallel, second branch with the control piston of the control and regulating system for the nozzle, and in that each of the two branches has at least one orifice plate.
The invention permits a particularly simple and, therefore, also economical construction of the turbine drive, and has regulating properties which suffice for applications other than the generating of electricity. Furthermore, the invention permits, for example, the compact construction of a turbine with an internal type control valve, wherein, for example, the needle valve, with the controlled and regulated follow-up piston drive, i.e. the control servo, are arranged in the flow of motive water of the turbine. A control servo of the follow-up piston type permits the construction of a practically hysteresis-free regulating and control system, since possible friction influences which could delay the axial displacements can be largely eliminated with this.
With a small turbine it may be advantageous if the housings of the turbine and pump or gear mechanism are flanged directly together in the compact construction. The wall between the turbine chamber and the pump or gear chamber is in this case touched by water on the turbine side and by air on the other side. In principle, the risk exists that water of condensation could form in the gear or pump chamber. If the wall is constructed as a cooling wall with channels for the oil supplied by the pump, the formation of water of condensation is prevented, because in this case the gear or pump chamber will not have a low temperature zone where water of condensation could form. At the same time the flow of oil supplied by the gear unit or pump is cooled in by giving off its heat in the turbine chamber and, in particular, to the turbine water.
The use of such a turbine as a drive for a winch is particularly advantageous in the mining industry, especially in underground mines. Such a turbine drive is per se explosion-proof and does not produce noxious waste gases. The drive medium water is also required elsewhere in
REFERENCES:
patent: 1706812 (1929-03-01), Pfau
patent: 3478689 (1969-11-01), Ball
patent: 3880051 (1975-04-01), Eppler
patent: 4083649 (1978-04-01), Miller et al.
patent: 4460313 (1984-07-01), Austrem
patent: 4714402 (1987-12-01), Ichikawa
Kwon John T.
Sulzer Brothers Limited
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