Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting – deodorizing – preser – Chemical reactor – Including heat exchanger for reaction chamber or reactants...
Patent
1991-12-13
1995-03-21
McMahon, Timothy M.
Chemical apparatus and process disinfecting, deodorizing, preser
Chemical reactor
Including heat exchanger for reaction chamber or reactants...
422196, 422200, 422211, 422221, B01J 818
Patent
active
053993217
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a catalytic tubular and pressurized converter for hydrocarbons which may be used in the chemical industry, the petrochemistry, the metallurgy and in other industrial branches connected with the production of ammonia, methanol, hydrogen.
One knows well the catalytic tubular and pressurized converter for hydrocarbons consisting of a cylindrical envelope inside of which are disposed vertical reaction tubes the ends of which are connected to inlet and discharge devices for the gases by compensation "pig tails" (English patent No. 1,093,943).
The defect of this well known converter resides mainly in the fact that it is necessary to compensate with the assistance of the "pig tails" for the expansion of the reaction tubes under the effect of the temperature, which may represent in practice an elongation of 200 mm. On the other hand the "pig tails" are not accessible, thereby preventing from proceeding with their replacement if they are out of service.
There exists another type of catalytic tubular and pressurized converter for hydrocarbons much closer through its technical concept to the model forming the subject of the invention. It is a converter consisting of a cylindrical envelope inside of which are disposed rising columns for the discharge of gases. Around these rising columns are grouped and disposed coaxially within sheaths the reaction tubes the lower ends of which are connected to the gas discharge rising columns by means of "pig tails" (English patent No. 1,376,187).
The compensation device of this apparatus exhibits an advantage since in this case it is necessary to only compensate for the difference between the thermal expansions of the tubes and the columns. On the other hand it exhibits a series of inconveniences.
The reaction tubes having a tendency to incurvate themselves when they are heated at a high temperature, one finds in this apparatus a transverse deformation of the "pig tails", which result in a reduction of their life and of their reliability.
Moreover the concept of this apparatus provides a direct connection of the "pig tails" to the outer surface of the rising columns. Consequently even in the case of the arrangment of the "pig tails" on a single level, one portion of the weld bead located on the part facing the nest remains inaccessible, thereby also reducing the reliability of the compensation system. It is impossible to replace the "pig tails" which are out of service without proceeding with the complete disassembling of the tubes. The present invention has as its object to increase the reliability and the life by suppressing the transverse deformation of the reaction tubes and by facilitating the mounting of the "pig tails". The goal set could be attained by fitting the converter with a transverse partition fastened to the lower ends of the sheaths and provided with orifices allowing to freely introduce the lower ends of the rising columns themselves connected to the "pig tails".
The converter exhibits the following advantages.
Firstly the transverse partition provided with orifices in which are freely disposed the reaction tubes allows to avoid any transverse deformation of the "pig tails" and consequently to eliminate the additional forces, thereby increasing the reliability of the apparatus.
Secondly the transverse partition allows to avoid the substantial flexures of the reaction tubes and therefore allows an easy dismantling of the tubes by giving the possibility to separately replace some tubes out of service. The life of the converter is improved owing to this fact.
Thirdly the presence of plates with removable covers on the rising columns allows to ensure the access to the ends of the "pig tails" and consequently the replacement of the latter as soon as they are out of service. From this point of view again the life of the converter is increased.
FIG. 1 shows a general view in section of the catalytic tubular and pressurized converter for hydrocarbons,
FIG. 2 shows a transverse partition provided with orifices,
FIGS. 3 and 4 show details o
REFERENCES:
patent: 3870476 (1975-03-01), Marsch
Bondar Isaak E.
Chubukov, deceased Vladimir K.
Efankin Vladimir F.
Gavrilin, deceased Vladimir P.
Harlamov Valentin V.
Compagnie Francaise d'Etudes et de Construction - Technip
McMahon Timothy M.
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