Tubular filter primarily intended for filtration of liquids

Details Tubular filter primarily intended for filtration of liquids Tubular filter primarily intended for filtration of liquids

1984-11-07

1987-01-27

Adee, John

Liquid purification or separation

Filter

Supported, shaped or superimposed formed mediums

21049701, B01D 2700, B01D 3914

Patent

active

046393188

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to a tubular filter primarily intended for filtration of liquids, the liquid flowing substantially radially towards the interior of the tubular filter.
I.a. in connection with separation of oil from water it is previously known to utilize so-called tube filters, which are composed of several layers of mineral wool. Thus, U.S. Pat. No. 3,210,229 describes as an example such a filter (cf. FIG. 1 in the patent) consisting of two inner layers of substantially radial fibre direction and an outer layer with fibres which are oriented substantially transversely to the direction of flow. The known filter is in the first place intended for use with a liquid passing radially outwards from the interior of the filter. The density of the filter will then decrease in each specific layer as seen in the direction of flow even if the density may increase from layer to layer.
It is now the object of the invention to provide a tubular filter of the type indicated above which has a good depth effect as well as good pressure indicating properties. The filter is to have a long life and should be especially suited for filtration of water which is to be used e.g. as drinking water or bath water. However, the use of the filter is by no means restricted to water but may also comprise other liquids and gases, also.
According to the invention the new filter is primarily characterized in that it comprises in combination an inner filter layer of mineral wool, the fibres of which are substantially concentrically oriented to the tube axis, and an outer filter layer of mineral wool, the fibres of which are oriented substantially radially to the tube axis. It is especially advantageous to arrange the material of the tubular filter in such a way that its density will increase from the outer portion of the tubular filter towards its inner portion, the increase being continuous in the outer mineral wool layer.
Tests have shown that a filter built according to the principles of the invention has a very good depth effect in the outer mineral wool layer which facilitates a rapid passing flow due to the radial fibre orientation. As the material in the outer layer of the tubular filter has increasing density in inward direction big particles will get stuck more closely to the outside of the filter whereas finer particles will penetrate further into the filter and get stuck more closely to the inside of the outer layer or in the inner layer. Due to the fibre orientation in the inner layer the filter liquid will be braked and, moreover, redistributed peripherically to a certain extent, as it is more difficult for the liquid to penetrate into the inner layer. In this connection it can be worth mentioning that twice as great a flow per time unit is normally obtained through a layer in which the fibres are oriented in the direction of flow as through a layer in which the fibres are oriented transversely to the direction of flow, even if the layers have the same density. If the inner layer hos now a higher density than the outer one this will result in a not inessential pressure difference between the inner and outer portions of the filter. This pressure difference can be determined by means of conventional water pressure gauges which, thus, will show reference values in relation to the clogging of the filter. In this way an indication of the suitable time for replacement of the filter is obtained.
The invention will now be described more in detail below in the form of a preferred illustrative example with reference to the FIGURE disclosed on the drawing.
The tubular filter illustrated on the drawing comprises as main constituents two filter layers 10, 11 of mineral wool, which preferably consist of glass fibre.
The inner filter layer 10 has preferably a density of 40-100 kg/m.sup.3, preferably 55-75 kg/m.sup.3, and consists of a tube made from glass fibre. The fibres are preferably concentrically oriented relative to the longitudinal axis of the tube.
The outer filter layer 11 has preferably a density of 20-70 kg/m.sup.3, preferab

REFERENCES:
patent: 2320990 (1943-06-01), White
patent: 2395449 (1946-02-01), Briggs
patent: 2609932 (1952-09-01), Fricke
patent: 3209916 (1965-10-01), May et al.
patent: 3210229 (1965-10-01), Feine
patent: 3334752 (1967-08-01), Matravers
patent: 4187136 (1980-02-01), Nostrand

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