Dispensing – Processes of dispensing – Molten metal
Patent
1981-08-17
1985-03-26
Kittle, John E.
Dispensing
Processes of dispensing
Molten metal
138140, 138155, 164137, 164363, 229 93, 249108, 249109, B22D 4108
Patent
active
045068135
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
From one aspect, the present invention relates to apparatus for casing metal by uphill teeming. The invention also relates to a method of casting, to a tubular assembly for use in the apparatus and to a method of preparing the assembly.
Uphill teeming is used for casting ingots from molten metal. For casting in this way, a plurality of vertically extending moulds are interconnected by a series of horizontal passageways defined by runners, which passageways communicate with the bottom ends of the moulds and also communicate with the bottom end of a tubular guide assembly. The guide assembly extends upwardly from the runners to a height at least equal to that of the moulds. Molten metal is discharged from a ladle or other container into the guide assembly and flows therefrom into the moulds. The metal is then permitted to solidify in the guide assembly, runners and moulds and, subsequently, the moulds are stripped from the cast ingots.
Known guide assemblies and runners used in uphill teeming comprise a plurality of ceramic tubes arranged end-to-end. The individual ceramic tubes generally have a length in the range 130 to 450 millimeters. It is considered unsatisfactory to make longer ceramic tubes. Since the guide assemblies and runners commonly have lengths exceeding one meter and often exceeding two meters, it is necessary for a plurality of ceramic tubes to be used in each runner and in each guide assembly.
The ceramic tubes are supplied to a steel works where they are assembled into the required runners and guide assemblies. The preparation of runner and guide assemblies from separate ceramic tubes requires a considerable amount of labour and, in the case of guide assemblies, extensive use of cranes. The preparation of guide assemblies and runner is one factor limiting the rate of production of cast ingots in steel works.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided an assembly comprising an inner refractory tube and an outer structure which embraces the inner tube. The assembly may be a guide assembly, by which we mean herein an elongated assembly used in uphill teeming and through which molten metal is poured towards a plurality of runners, or the assembly may be a runner assembly, by which we mean herein an assembly of elements which is used in uphill teeming as or as the main part of a runner for conveying molten metal away from the guide assembly towards a mould.
An assembly in accordance with the invention can be handled more conveniently than can separate ceramic tubes and the time required for the preparation in the steel works of apparatus for uphill teeming is reduced by use of assemblies in accordance with the first aspect of the invention.
Known guide assemblies further comprise a hollow metal casing in which the ceramic tubes are disposed. In some cases, the ceramic tubes are a close fit inside the casing so that the ceramic tubes are supported directly by the metal casing. It is also known to provide a metal casing having internal dimensions substantially greater than the external dimensions of the ceramic tubes to provide an inter-space which is packed with sand or other refractory material to support the ceramic tubes. In this case, the metal casing supports the ceramic tubes indirectly via the packing. The packing is poured into the metal casing but the discreet particles or pieces of the packing are free to fall away from each other when the casing is opened.
After a casting operation has been performed by uphill teeming, the solidified metal remaining in the guide assembly and the metal casing of the guide assembly are recovered for further use. To this end, known casings are assembled from components which abut each other in parting planes containing a longitudinal axis of the guide assembly. No component of the guide assembly extends continuously completely around the axis so that each component of the casing can be moved away from the ceramic tubes in a direction transversely of the axis.
According to a further aspect of the inve
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Dughan Terence G.
Farmery George M.
Payne Derick A.
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