Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Designated organic active ingredient containing – Nitrogen containing other than solely as a nitrogen in an...
Reexamination Certificate
2001-01-11
2003-01-07
Cook, Rebecca (Department: 1614)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Designated organic active ingredient containing
Nitrogen containing other than solely as a nitrogen in an...
C514S643000, C514S737000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06503952
ABSTRACT:
INTRODUCTION
The present invention relates to antimicrobial compositions comprising a biguanide compound, a chlorinated phenol compound, and a quaternary ammonium compound. It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that combinations of biguanide, a chlorinated phenol compound such as parachlorinated phenol compound such as parachlorometaxylenol or triclosan, and a quaternary ammonium compound exhibit synergistic antimicrobial activity.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The antimicrobial agents chlorhexidine (“CHX”; 1,6 bis(N
5
-p-chlorophenyl-N
1
-biguanido)hexane), benzalkonium chloride (“BZK”) and parachlorometaxylenol (“PCMX”) have been used, individually, in antimicrobial compositions. For example, the well-known antiseptic scrubs HIBICLENS®, ULTRADEX® and TECHNI-CARE® contain 4% CHX (HIBICLENS®) and 3% PCMX (ULTRADEX® and TECHNICARE®). The use of these scrubs, however, provides less than optimal antimicrobial protection, in that neither scrub is believed to be fully effective in rapidly inactivating pathogens or in reducing skin flora for an extended period of time. Furthermore, the relatively high levels of antimicrobial agents in these preparations are frequently associated with skin irritation.
Compositions which combine one or more of the foregoing antimicrobial agents with additional compounds are also known, as illustrated by the following references.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,244,666 by Murley, issued Sep. 14, 1993 (“the '666 patent”) relates to an antiseptic scrub and wound disinfectant wherein a quaternary ammonium compound and a substituted phenolic compound are combined to produce enhanced antimicrobial activity at lower concentrations. The '666 patent states that the use of such combinations, together with degreasing emulsifiers, detergents, skin softeners and soothing agents is new. The compositions comprise about 3% (wt/wt) of a quaternary ammonium compound and about 3% of a substituted phenolic compound.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,030,659 by Bansemir et al., issued Jul. 9, 1991 (“the '659 patent”) relates to disinfectant compositions comprising a quaternary ammonium compound, a biguanide, and a phenolic compound. The antimicrobial agent present in greatest concentration is the quaternary ammonium compound; the working examples of the '659 patent include compositions comprising 15-20% of the quaternary ammonium compound BZK.
U.S. Pat. No. 4,900,721 by Bansemir et al., issued Feb. 13, 1990, relates to liquid, aqueous disinfectants based on alcohol and hydrogen peroxide which comprise one or more C
2
-C
8
alcohols, hydrogen peroxide (or a compound which produces hydrogen peroxide), one or more carboxylic acids, one or more microbicidally active nitrogen-containing organic compounds (e.g., CHX or BZK), and one or more microbicidally active phenolic compounds (including polychlorinated xylenes).
U.S. Pat. No. 4,420,484 by Gorman et al., issued Dec. 13, 1983, relates to combinations of antimicrobial agents (such as CHX or BZK) with polyethylene glycol surfactant and betaine or amine oxide surfactant.
U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,125,628 and 4,022,911, by Goldhaft et al., issued Nov. 14, 1978 and May 10, 1977, respectively, relate to combinations of a quaternary ammonium compound, a phenol or derivative thereof, and formaldehyde.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,639,632 by McNamara et al., issued Feb. 1, 1972, relates to a synergistic antimicrobial composition containing 1,1′-hexamethylenebis [5-(2-ethylhexyl)biguanide] dihydrochloride and 4-chloro-2-hydroxyphenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl ether.
Larson et al., 1992, J. Emergency Med. 10: 7-11 discloses that in the presence of blood, topical antimicrobial products containing alcohol were associated with greater initial reductions in colonizing flora.
The number of antimicrobial preparations which have been developed illustrates the continuing search for a composition that rapidly and effectively provides antimicrobial activity without substantial adverse effects, such as skin irritation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to antimicrobial compositions comprising a biguanide compound, a chlorinated phenol compound, and a quaternary ammonium compound. The antimicrobial compositions of the invention may be utilized in antimicrobial detergents, soaps, creams, wipes, rinses and emulsions for use in the medical community as well as general public use.
In particular non-limiting embodiments of the invention, the chlorinated phenol compound is parachlorometaxylenol or triclosan.
In specific, nonlimiting embodiments of the invention, the present invention relates to antimicrobial compositions comprising (i) between 0.025 and two percent (all ranges herein being inclusive of their limits) by weight biguanide; (ii) between 0.005 and 0.1 percent by weight of a quaternary ammonium compound; and (iii) between 0.025 and two percent by weight of a chlorinated phenol compound.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to antimicrobial compositions comprising a biguanide compound, a chlorinated phenol compound, and a quaternary ammonium compound.
Biguanide compounds which may be used according to the invention include but are not limited to the following: chlorhexidine free base, chlorhexidine diphosphanilate, chlorhexidine digluconate, chlorhexidine diacetate, chlorhexidine dihydrochloride, chlorhexidine dichloride, chlorhexidine dihydroiodide, chlorhexidine diperchlorate, chlorhexidine dinitrate, chlorhexidine sulfate, chlorhexidine sulfite, chlorhexidine thiosulfate, chlorhexidine di-acid phosphate, chlorhexidine difluorophosphate, chlorhexidine diformate, chlorhexidine dipropionate, chlorhexidine diiodobutyrate, chlorhexidine di-n-valerate, chlorhexidine dicaproate, chlorhexidine malonate, chlorhexidine succinate, chlorhexidine malate, chlorhexidine tartrate, chlorhexidine dimonoglycolate, chlorhexidine monodiglycolate, chlorhexidine dilactate, chlorhexidine di-&agr;-hydroxyisobutyrate, chlorhexidine diglucoheptonate, chlorhexidine di-isothionate, chlorhexidine dibenzoate, chlorhexidine dicinnamate, chlorhexidine dimandelate, chlorhexidine di-isophthalate, chlorhexidine di-2-hydroxynapthoate, chlorhexidine embonate, polyhexamethylene biguanide (“PHMB”), and alexidine (N,N″-Bis(2-ethylhexyl)-3,12-diimino-2,4,11,13-tetraazatetradecanediimidamine; 1,1′hexamethyl-enebis [5-(2-ethylhexyl)biguanide]).
Quaternary ammonium compounds that may be used according to the invention include, but are not limited to, benzalkonium chloride (BZK), benzethonium chloride, other benzalkonium or benzethonium halides, cetylpyridinium chloride, dequalinium chloride, N-myristyl-N-methylmorpholinium methyl sulfate, poly[N-[3-(dimethylammonio)propyl]-N′-[3-(ethyleneoxyethelene dimethylammonio)propyl]urea dichloride], alpha-4-[1-tris(2-hydroxyethyl )ammonium chloride-2-butenyl]-omega-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride, alpha4-[1-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride-2-butenyl]poly[1-dimethyl ammonium chloride-2-butenyl]-omega-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)ammonium chloride, poly[oxyethylene(dimethyliminio)ethylene(dimethyliminio)-ethylene dichloride], ethyl hexadecyl dimethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, dimethyl ammonium ethyl sulfate, dimethylethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, dimethylbenzyl ammonium chloride, cetyldimethylethyl ammonium bromide, and organosilicon-substituted quaternary ammonium compounds such as 3-(trimethoxysilyl propyloctadecyldimethyl ammonium chloride.
Chlorinated phenol compounds which may be used according to the invention include but are not limited to parachlorometaxylenol, triclosan (2,4,4′-trichloro-2 hydroxy di-phenyl ether), 2-chlorophenol, 3-chlorophenol, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,3,4,6-tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol, 4-chlororesorcinol, 4,6-dichlororesorcinol, 2,4,6-trichlororesorcinol, alkylchlorophenols (including p-alkyl-o-chlorophenols, o-alkyl-p-chlorophenols, dialkyl-4-chlorophenol, and tri-alkyl-4-chlorophenol), dichloro-m-xylenol, chlorocresol, o-benzyl-p-chl
Caraos Lauserpina A.
Modak Shanta
Sampath Lester
Baker & Botts LLP
Cook Rebecca
The Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York
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