Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Dye or potential dye composition – additive – treatment,... – Mixed dyes – noncomplexed
Reexamination Certificate
2000-04-14
2002-09-03
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Dye or potential dye composition, additive, treatment,...
Mixed dyes, noncomplexed
C008S404000, C008S436000, C008S438000, C008S636000, C008S637100, C008S639000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06443998
ABSTRACT:
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to processes for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide textile fibers. The invention further pertains to compositions useful for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide fibers.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Dyestuffs are commonly utilized in a combination of three primary colorants e.g., red yellow and blue, to provide the majority of the shades most often utilized to dye textile, specifically polyamide, fibers. Such a three dye combination is known as a “trichromy” and the related dyeing processes are known as “trichromatic dyeing.” In formulating trichromatic dyeing formulations, the dye selection may focus on the specific dyes which will provide the most uniform dyeing rates. That is, it is usually desirable for the exhaustion rates for the red, yellow and blue dyes to be comparable so that the dye take up will be fairly uniform for each of the colors.
Manufacturers of dyestuffs often supply dyes to textile manufacturers in pure product form. Pure forms of dyestuffs are classified for identification by Color Index (CI) number. This system was developed by the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC) to allow more uniform identification of dyestuff identity to the end user. Such dyes are sometimes called “standards.” While pure dyes have some application for the dyeing of polyamide fibers, it is not uncommon for such pure dyestuffs to provide inferior dyeing performance in trichromatic dyeing processes.
Manufacturers also supply dyes in mixtures of pure forms. Mixtures may be preferable to the pure form of the dyestuffs for reasons related to the shade desired and/or performance properties. For example, a mixture of CI Acid Red 337 and CI Acid Red 426 provides a bluish red acid dye mixture that has similar dyeing behavior in composition to CI Acid Red 337 when used as the red component in typical dyeing systems for nylon, but the mixture of CI Acid Red 337 and CI Acid Red 426 can provide improved lightfastness as compared to dyeings using the Acid Red 337 alone as the red component.
In selecting dyes for use in trichromatic dyeing, it is important that the color components be sufficiently compatible from a performance standpoint to allow them to effectively dye polyamide fibers in a trichromatic system. Such compatibility preferably relates to those dyes that provide uniform strike, build and exhaustion during the dyeing operation and to be able to reproduce the coloration in a consistent manner from batch to batch. Moreover, it can be exceedingly difficult to predict the particular performance of a dye, especially when the dye is combined with other dyes in a trichromatic process. Additionally, even though the performance of the dyed fiber may be initially acceptable, it has been seen that application of a stain resist chemical may reduce the lightfastness of the dyed fiber.
In light of the above, it would be desirable to develop a trichromatic dyeing process which utilizes a yellow component that provides both excellent build properties and lightfastness characteristics. Furthermore, it would be desirable to develop a trichromatic dyeing process which provides such improvements in lightfastness even when a stainblocking chemical is applied to the dyed fiber.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the invention provides a process for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide textile fibers wherein the process comprises the steps of:
a. providing at least one polyamide fiber; and
b. contacting the at least one polyamide fiber with an aqueous dye solution comprising a yellow component, a red component and a blue component, wherein the yellow component comprises. a mixture of Acid Orange 156 and Acid Yellow 199, thereby providing a dyed fiber.
In a further aspect, the invention provides compositions for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide fibers.
Additional advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description that follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims. It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention, as claimed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The present invention may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the Examples included herein.
It must be noted that, as used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a,” “an” and “the” include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Thus, for example, reference to “an aromatic compound” includes mixtures of aromatic compounds, reference to “a carrier” includes mixtures of two or more such carriers, and the like.
Ranges are often expressed herein as from “about” one particular value, and/or to “about” another particular value. When such a range is expressed, another embodiment includes from the one particular value and/or to the other particular value. Similarly, when values are expressed as approximations, by use of the antecedent “about,” it will be understood that the particular value forms another embodiment.
A weight percent of a component, unless specifically stated to the contrary, is based on the total weight of the formulation-or composition in which the component is included. Further, unless otherwise noted, weight percents are expressed as dry weight.
Unless otherwise stated, the dye names set forth herein conform to the dyes listed in the Colour Index International, 3
rd
Ed., published by The Society of Dyers and Colourists. One of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that this publication generally serves to define the standard names for dyes utilized in the textile industry.
Throughout this document, where publications are referenced, the disclosures of these publications in their entireties are hereby incorporated by reference in order to more fully describe the state of the art to which this invention pertains.
In a first embodiment, the invention provides a process for the trichromatic dyeing of polyamide textile fibers wherein the process comprises the steps of: a) providing at least one polyamide fiber; and b) contacting the at least one polyamide fiber with an aqueous dye solution comprising a yellow component, a red component and a blue component, wherein the yellow component comprises a mixture of Acid Orange 156 and Acid Yellow 199, thereby providing a dyed fiber. It has surprisingly been found that by utilizing this particular mixture of dyes, superior trichromatic build performance and costs savings can be obtained over any single dye or mixture of dyes utilized as the yellow component in the prior art. Furthermore, it has been surprisingly discovered that markedly improved lightfastness can result over dyeing processes that utilize other yellow components.
The red and blue dye components which are suitable for use in combination with the yellow component of the present invention include any red and blue dyes which are at least partially compatible with the desired yellow component. To this end, compatibility can be readily determined by interrupting the dyeing process and examining the color build characteristics of the partially dyed fiber. As such, the determination of compatibility between various dyes would be a matter of routine experimentation to those skilled in the art.
Preferably, the blue component comprises one or more of a dye selected from the group consisting of: Acid Blue 25; Acid Blue 40; Acid Blue 41, Acid Blue 78; Acid Blue 129; Acid Blue 205; Acid Blue 260; Acid Blue 277; Acid Blue 288; Acid Blue 324; Acid Green 25, or a mixture thereof In a particularly preferred embodiment, the blue component comprises Acid Blue 324.
Preferably, the red component comprises one or more of a dye selected from the group consistin
Elhilo Eisa
Gupta Yogendra N.
Needle & Rosenberg P.C.
Shaw Industries, Inc.
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