Solid material comminution or disintegration – Processes – With application of fluid or lubricant material
Patent
1994-12-09
1996-10-29
Eley, Timothy V.
Solid material comminution or disintegration
Processes
With application of fluid or lubricant material
241 21, 241 29, 241 34, 241 41, 24110171, 2411018, 2411522, 241606, 241DIG38, B02C 904, B02C 2102, B02C 2318
Patent
active
055688950
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention is concerned with the disposal of wastes which are or may become biologically active, waste materials including, but not limited to, hospital waste materials comprising clinical waste materials including pathogenic materials, quarantine wastes, sewerage sludges, putrescible food wastes and the like as well as wastes which may contain heavy metals.
BACKGROUND ART
Hitherto the disposal of clinical waste materials has been confined generally to incineration. Apart from being environmentally unacceptable in terms of CO.sub.2, CO, NOx, SO.sub.2, halogenated hydrocarbon and dioxin emissions, this form of disposal of waste materials has not been proven safe in that average incineration temperatures may not be great enough to destroy biologically active materials present in the clinical wastes. Furthermore, during the start up of an incineration phase, before effective temperatures are reached, there may occur emissions of bacteria and caner microorganisms and pathogenic material generally.
Similarly, disposal of quarantine wastes such as foodstuffs and plant specimens is usually carried out by incineration with the same degree of uncertainty as to the possibility of release of active plant and animal pathogens to the atmosphere.
Sewerage sludges and putrescible organic food waste materials are usually buried in urban land fill sites with significant risk of release c gaseous pathogens to the atmosphere, but, more importantly, it is known that such organic materials decompose to release large quantities of methane gas, a known contributor to the "greenhouse effect".
Apart from incineration or burying in urban landfill sites, there presently exists no known biologically and environmentally safe method of disposal of wastes including organic materials which may include, or generate during decomposition, biologically threatening consequences.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, it is an aim of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate the known disadvantages of disposal of waste materials, including pathogenic organisms and to provide a general method for safe disposal of organic wastes.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for disposal of waste materials comprising the steps of: hydroxide; excess liquid; and a binding material such as alkaline earth silicate to form a solid siliceous mass or a cementitious binder.
Preferably said oxidising solution comprises a source of free oxygen such as ozone, or a peroxide, a source of free halogens or oxy-halogens such as chlorine, hypochlorites or other oxidants including metabisulphates, nitrites, formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde. Most preferably the oxidising solution comprises hydrogen peroxide or peracetic acid.
Suitably said alkaline oxide or hydroxide comprises calcium oxide or hydroxide, potassium or magnesium oxide or, calcium, potassium or magnesium hydroxide or a mixture thereof. Alternatively said alkaline hydroxide may comprise an alkaline earth carbonate or bicarbonate.
The absorbent material may comprise any suitable inert absorbent such as bentonite, silica,, clay minerals such as bauxite, kaolin, mineral ashes, calcines, fly ashes or other mineral residues from industrial processes, siliceous materials such as diatomaceous earths or the like.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided an apparatus for carrying out the process according to the invention, said apparatus comprising: hopper as a spray of droplets; into said mixing means; means; means; and
Preferably said apparatus comprises a hopper feed means.
Suitably said hopper feed means includes means to determine the mass of material to be treated.
The shredding means may comprise any suitable means to reduce a waste material to a particulate form.
If required the shredding means may comprise a two stage shredding apparatus having the output of a first shredder in communication with the input of a second shredder.
Preferably said shredding means comprises counter rotating knives and hooks.
The mixing me
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Lear Richard J.
Webb Stephen
Eley Timothy V.
Matrix Technology Pty. Ltd.
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