Treatment of bacterial infections

Details Treatment of bacterial infections Treatment of bacterial infections

1999-05-24

2001-10-30

Fonda, Kathleen K. (Department: 1623)

Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions

Designated organic active ingredient containing

Carbohydrate doai

C424SDIG001, C435S034000, C514S053000, C514S054000, C514S061000

Reexamination Certificate

active

06310043

ABSTRACT:

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to the treatment of toxins, in particular, toxins generated by bacteria.
2. References
The following references are cited in the application as numbers in brackets ([ ]) at the relevant portion of the application.
1. Karmali, M. A. et al.,
J Clin. Microbiol
. 22:614-619 (1985).
2. Head, S., et al.,
Infect Immunol
. 58:1532-1537 (1990).
3. Samuel et al.,
Infect Immunol
. 58:611-618 (1990).
4. Altman, D. G.
Practical Statistics for Medical Research
1st ed. New York, Chapman and Hall: 179-228 (1991).
5. Calderwood, et al.,
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA)
, 84:4364-4368 (1987)
6. Jackson, et al.,
Microb. Pathog
., 2:147-153 (1987)
7. Strockbine, et al.,
J Bacterial
., 170:1116-1122 (1988)
8. Robson, et al.,
J Petitur
., 117:675-676 (1990)
9. Cembalo, et al.,
J Petitur
.,117:676 (1990)
10. Armstrong, et al., International Patent Application Publication No. WO 93/08209, for “DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF BACTERIAL DYSENTERY, published Apr. 29, 1993
11. Lemieux, R. U., et al., “The properties of a ‘synthetic’ antigen related to the blood-group Lewis A”,
J Am. Chem. Soc
., 97:4076-83 (1975).
12. Lemieux, R. U., et al., “Glycoside-Ether-Ester Compounds”, U.S. Pat. No. 4,137,401, issued Jan. 30, 1979.
13. Lemieux, R. U., et al., “Artificial Oligosaccharide Antigenic Determinants”, U.S. Pat. No. 4,238,473, issued Dec. 9, 1980.
14. Lemieux, R. U., et al., “Synthesis of 2-Amino-2-Deoxyglycoses and 2-Amino-2-Deoxyglycosides from glycals”, U.S. Pat. No. 4,362,720, issued Dec. 7, 1982.
15. Cox, D., et al. “A New Synthesis of 4-O-&agr;-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-Galacto-Pyranose”,
Carbohy. Res
., 62: 245-252 (1978).
16. Dahmén, J., et al., “Synthesis of space arm, lipid, and ethyl glycosides of the trisaccharide portion [&agr;-D-Gal-(1-4)-&bgr;-D-Gal(1-4)-&bgr;-D-Glc] of the blood group P
k
antigen: preparation of neoglycoproteins”,
Carbohydrate Research
, 127:15-25 (1984).
17. Garegg, P. J., et al., “A Synthesis of 8-Methoxycarbonyloct-1-yl O-&agr;-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-&bgr;-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-Acetamido-2-Deoxy-&bgr;-D-Glucopyranoside”,
Carbohy. Res
., 136: 207-213 (1985).
18. Garegg, P. J., et al., “Synthesis of 6- and 6′-deoxy derivatives of methyl 4-O-&agr;-D-galactopyranosyl-&bgr;-D-galactopyranoside for studies of inhibition of pyelonephritogenic fimbriated
E. coli
adhesion to urinary epithelium-cell surfaces”,
Carbohy. Res
., 137: 270-275 (1985).
19. Jacquinet, J. C., et al., “Synthesis of Blood-group Substances, Part 11. Synthesis of the Trisaccharide O-&agr;-D-Galactopyranosyl-(1-3)-O-&bgr;-D-galactopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose”,
J. C. S. Perkin
, I: 326-330 (1981).
20. Koike, K., et al., “Total Synthesis of Globotriaosyl-E and Z-Ceramides and Isoglobotriaosyl-E-Ceramide,”
Carbohydr. Res
., 163: 189-208 (1987).
21. Schaubach, R., et al., “Tumor-Associated Antigen Synthesis: Synthesis of the Gal-&agr;-(1-3)-Gal-&bgr;-(1-4)-GlcNAc Epitope. A specific Determinant for Metastatic Progression?”,
Liebigs Ann. Chem
., 607-614 (1991).
22. Ratcliffe, R. M., et al., “Sialic Acid Glycosides, Antigens, Immunoadsorbents, and Methods for Their Preparation”, U.S. Pat. No. 5,079,353, issued Jan. 7, 1992.
23. Okamoto, K., et al., “Glycosidation of Sialic Acid,”
Tetrahedron
, 47: 5835-5857 (1990).
24. Abbas, S. A., et al., “Tumor-Associated Oligosaccharides I: Synthesis of Sialyl-Lewis
a
Antigenic Determinant”,
Sialic Acids, Proc. Japan-German Symp
. Berlin 22-23 (1988).
25. Paulsen, “Advances in Selective Chemical Syntheses of Complex Oligosaccharides”,
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng
., 21:155-173 (1982).
26. Schmidt, “New Methods for the Synthesis of Glycosides and Oligosaccharides—Are There Alternatives to the Koenigs-Knorr Method?”,
Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Eng
., 25:212-235 (1986).
27. Füigedi, P., et al., “Thioglycosides as Glycosylating Agents in Oligosaccharide Synthesis”,
Glycoconjugate J
, 4:97-108 (1987).
28. Kameyama, A., et al., “Total synthesis of sialyl Lewis X”,
Carbohydrate Res
., 209: c1-c4 (1991).
29. Ekborg, G., et al., “Synthesis of Three Disaccharides for the Preparation of Immunogens bearing Immunodeterminants Known to Occur on Glycoproteins”,
Carbohydrate Research
, 110:55-67 (1982).
30. Dahrmén, J., et al., “2-Bromoethyl glycosides: applications in the synthesis of spacer-ann glycosides”,
Carbohydrate Research
, 118: 292-301 (1983).
31. Rana, S. S., et al., “Synthesis of Phenyl 2-Acetamido-2-Deoxy-3-O-&agr;-L-Fucopyranosyl-&bgr;-D-Glucopyranoside and Related Compounds”,
Carbohydrate Research
, 91:149-157 (1981).
32. Amvam-Zollo, P., et al., “Streptococcus pneumoniae Type XIV Polysaccharide: Synthesis of a Repeating Branched Tetrasaccharide with Dioxa-Type Spacer-Arms”,
Carbohydrate Research,
150:199-212 (1986).
33. Paulsen, H., “Synthese von oligosaccharid-determinanten mit amid-spacer vom typ des T-antigens”,
Carbohydr. Res
., 104:195-219 (1982).
34. Chemyak, A. Y., et al., “A New Type of Carbohydrate-Containing Synthetic Antigen: Synthesis of Carbohydrate-Containing Polyacrylamide Copolymers having the Specificity of 0:3 and 0:4 Factors of Salmonella”,
Carbohydrate Research
, 128:269-282 (1984).
35. Femandez-Santana, V., et al., “Glycosides of Monoallyl Diethylene Glycol. A New type of Spacer group for Synthetic Oligosaccharides”,
J Carbohydrate Chemistry
, 8(3):531-537 (1989).
36. Lee, R. T., et al., “Synthesis of 3-(2-Aminoethylthio) PropylGlycosides”,
Carbohydrate Research
, 37:193-201 (1974).
37. Gannon, et al.,
J. Gen. Microbiol
., 136:1125-1135 (1990)
38. Weinstein, et al.,
J. Bacterial
., 170:4223-4230 (1988)
39. Ito, et al.,
Microb. Pathog
., 8:47-60 (1990)
40. Head, et al.,
FEMS Microbiol. Lett
., 51:211-216 (1988)
41. Schmitt, et al.,
Infect. Immun
., 59:1065-1073 (1991)
42. Scotland, et al.,
Lancet
, ii:885-886 (1991)
43. Oku, et al.,
Microb. Pathog
., 6:113-122 (1989)
44. Boyd, et al.,
Nephron
, 51:207-210 (1989)
45. DeGrandis, et al.,
J. Biol. Chem
., 264:12520-12525 (1989)
46. Waddell, et al.,
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm
., 152:674-679 (1988)
47. Lingwood, et al.,
J. Biol. Chem
., 262:8834-8839 (1987)
48. Waddell, et al.,
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. (USA)
, 87:7898-7901 (1990)
49. Cohen, et al.,
J. Biol. Chem
., 262:17088-17091 (1987)
50. Jacewicz, et al.,
J. Exp. Med
., 163:1391-1404 (1986)
51. Lindberg, et al.,
J. Biol. Chem
., 262:1779-1785 (1987)
52. Armstrong, G. D. et al.,
Infect. Immun
., 55:1294-1299 (1987)
53. Armstrong, G. D. et al.,
J. Infect. Dis
. 164:1160-1167 (1991)
The disclosure of the above publications, patents and patent applications are herein incorporated by reference in their entirety to the same extent as if the language of each individual publication, patent and patent application were specifically and individually included herein.
3. State of the Art
A number of bacteria are associated with the production of toxins. For example, diarrhea caused by strains of pathogenic
E. coli
has been found to be associated with the production of a variety of enterotoxins. Some pathogenic
E. coli
produce enterotoxins that are closely related to the shiga toxin associated with Shigella-caused dysentery. The first member of the family of shiga-like toxins (SLT) to be isolated was cytotoxic for African Green Monkey (Vero) cells and was originally called verotoxin. Since its structural similarity to shiga toxin has been established by sequencing of the relevant genes, this toxin is now more commonly called shiga-like toxin I (SLTI) [5,6,7].
Additional members of the SLT family have subsequently been isolated that can be distinguished serologically, on the basis of gene sequence, or on host specificity [37-43]. Various types of SLTII have been described and have been assigned various designations depending on the strain of
E. coli
from which they are isolated and the host affected. Thus variants have been designated SLTII; vtx2ha; SLTIIvh; vtx2hb; SLTIIc; SLTIIvp and so forth.
All of the SLT's are multimeric proteins composed of an enzymatic (A) sub

Affiliated with

Also associated with

Rating

Treatment of bacterial infections does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.

If you have personal experience with Treatment of bacterial infections, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Treatment of bacterial infections will most certainly appreciate the feedback.

Rate now

Comments { 0 }

Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-2585348