Material or article handling – Vertically swinging load support – Shovel or fork type
Reexamination Certificate
2001-08-08
2003-06-03
Underwood, Donald W. (Department: 3652)
Material or article handling
Vertically swinging load support
Shovel or fork type
C414S912000, C037S405000, C037S903000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06572324
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
Farm equipment; construction equipment
2. Description of the Prior Art
Occasionally a descriptive term in this application may be shortened so as to recite only a part rather than the entirety thereof as a matter of convenience and to avoid needless redundancy. In instances in which that is done, applicant intends that the same meaning be afforded each manner of expression. Thus, the term hydraulic piston cylinder (
2
) might be used in one instance but in another, if meaning is otherwise clear from context, expression might be shortened to piston cylinder (
2
) or merely cylinder (
2
). Any of those forms is intended to convey the same meaning.
The term attach or fasten or any of their forms when so used means that the juncture is of a more or less permanent nature, such as might be accomplished by nails, screws, welds or adhesives. Thus, it is stated herein that the piston rod (
9
) is attached to the transverse projection shaft (
41
). The expression pivotally attached means that two parts or objects addressed are connected by a more or less permanent juncture but one which, nevertheless, permits the first to rotate with reference to the second at an axial point common to both. Thus, the spreading links (
42
) are stated herein to be pivotally attached to either the fixed frame (
61
), the moveable frame (
51
) or to the transverse projection shaft (
41
), meaning that the links (
42
) are free to pivot at the respective points of connection (
41
,
51
,
61
). A connection in which one object is easily removed from another would, if relevant herein, be described by the word emplace. Employment of the words connect or join or any of their forms is intended to include the meaning of both in a more general way.
The word comprise may be construed in either of two ways herein. A term used to describe a given object is said to comprise it, thereby characterizing it with equivalency in meaning for the term. Thus, it might be stated that the means of forcing the moveable frame (
51
) apart from the fixed frame (
61
) in part comprises one or more spreading links (
41
), meaning that in the particular case, the links (
41
), at least in part, are such means. However, the word comprise may also be used to describe a feature which is part of the structure or composition of a given object. Thus, a hydraulic piston cylinder (
2
) may be said to comprise a piston rod (
9
), meaning that the structure of the cylinder (
2
) is such as to have the piston rod (
9
) as a feature of its structure. The meaning in the respective cases is clear from context, however. Accordingly, modifying words to clarify which of the two uses is the intended one seem unnecessary.
The words forward or rearward and root variations thereof are intended to designate the situs of an object described with reference to the orientation of the operator of a given utility vehicle. Thus, when a spear (
14
) is discussed in terms of frontal attachment or forward movement, reference is intended to be consistent with the direction the front of the vehicle (
100
) points as well as that in which the operator faces while driving it (
100
). The words top or bottom, upper, or lower, similarly refer to such relative orientation.
In keeping with common understanding, the terms inboard and outboard express disposition of an object or point with reference to the centrally situated part of the structure. An inboard disposition means that the object or point is located nearer the center than is an outboard one. The terms inward and outward are similarly used. Thus, in one embodiment of the invention, when the assembly (
40
) is disposed in what is described herein as the closed position, each spreading link's (
42
) first end is stated to be disposed inboard that of the second thereof since that end is more medially located. The term outboard, on the other hand, refers to parts or elements situated more remotely from the assembly's (
40
) center, such as in the case of the second end of the spreading link (
42
) in the foregoing example.
The term scissor-like refers to a herringbone pattern provided by the rearward and forward links (
42
) respectively along a given extension (
46
) of the projection shaft (
41
) when the assembly (
40
) is in a closed or intermediate position. Because the rearwardly disposed links (
49
) lie parallel to one another along the given projection extension (
46
) and are together directed either inward or outward and the forwardly disposed links (
48
) also lie parallel one another along that extension (
46
) together directed inward or outward in the same manner as the rearwardly disposed ones (
49
), all of which is explained ante, a series of V-like shapes is provided collectively comprising the herringbone configuration.
The word multiply may connote either of two intended meanings. Its use as a verb is, of course, well known. However, when employed herein as an adjective, it denotes plurality, such as the expression multiply arrayed spears (
14
)—in the manner doubly or triply are used as adjectives.
In both farming and construction, it is occasionally useful to have the capability of loosening up compacted substantially sized bundles or masses of hay, manure or similar materials, grasping and moving them about with a utility vehicle (
100
) of one sort or another. For such use, forward projecting tines or spears (
14
) may be employed. It would also be useful to have the capability of lowering an elastic scraper (
23
) and moving it (
23
) along a floor for cleaning purposes in the fashion of a squeegee. Operations of both sorts at first depended upon certain operable linkages mechanical in nature—such as chains, wires and booms—but ultimately were made to rely upon hydraulic systems.
The loading bucket (
101
) itself is extremely useful in scooping dirt, gravel, manure or other loose grainy materials; in lifting and transporting substantial volumes of those or other materials; and in digging or gouging operations. It has even become an occasional practice to configure the bottom (
104
) of the bucket (
101
), at the front thereof (
101
), with a chiseled edge (
102
). Because they are fixed in place so as to present an obstruction, frontal accessories used in prior art generally require that one forego use of the loading bucket (
101
) for its (
101
) usual or traditional intended purpose.
A hydraulic system comprises a sealed hydraulic cylinder (
2
) into which hydraulic oil-like fluid passes to push a piston rod (
9
) within it (
2
) along its (
2
) length and beyond so as to accomplish necessary work. The piston rod (
9
) is designed, of course, to remain anchored or stopped within the cylinder (
2
) so that it does not fall out of it (
2
) when extended. Moreover, such configuration provides a fixed limit to the maximum distance the rod (
9
) extends from the cylinder (
2
). Operably, however, it (
9
) may be made to extend to any intermediate position. Because the hydraulic fluid for all practical purposes retains its volume without compression, the force it exerts can be transmitted a considerable distance through hydraulic feeder lines (
3
). Variations in cylinder (
2
) volume can provide within the system mechanical advantage, as that terminology is used in matters of physics.
Especially useful are cylinders (
2
) which allow the fluid to enter on either side of the piston rod (
9
) within, thus allowing it (
9
) to accomplish work first in a forward direction and then a reverse one, depending upon the particular need. For such a two-way or reciprocal system, as designated herein, a pair of hydraulic feeder lines (
3
) is, of course, required. Typically, the operator manipulates a hand lever to engage the cylinder (
2
), causing hydraulic fluid to act through one of the feeder lines (
3
) and move the piston (
9
) in the direction selected. To reverse its (
9
) direction, the operator manipulates either a second hand lever or, if the system is so designed, the same one in a reverse manner. A variety of hand controls are kno
Bonneville Loyd W.
Underwood Donald W.
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