Stock material or miscellaneous articles – Hollow or container type article – Glass – ceramic – or sintered – fused – fired – or calcined metal...
Patent
1996-08-16
1998-07-07
Loney, Donald
Stock material or miscellaneous articles
Hollow or container type article
Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal...
428120, 428178, 428188, 428212, 527861, 5278613, E06B 324
Patent
active
057765626
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND
Transparent web plates, made of plastic, are known for the insulation of greenhouses or hotbeds. They have two transparent panes disposed at a small distance from each other and connected to each other by several webs. In the case of vertical walls, the webs are arranged vertically, in order to allow for a drainage, if needed, of condensed water.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The aim of the present invention is to enhance the thermal insulation properties of such transparent web plates. This task is achieved by the combination of the characteristics given in the patent claims.
The thermal convection within the cavities is drastically reduced by making the webs substantially wider than the distance between neighbouring webs, and by a horizontal arrangement of the webs in the built-in state. The web plate according to the invention therefore allows for a considerably superior thermal insulation, compared to conventional web, plates.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
In the following, some exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained with reference to the drawing, wherein
FIG. 1 shows a vertical cross section through a web plate mounted on a vertical wall;
FIGS. 2 and 3 show two further embodiments of the web plate, and
FIGS. 4 and 5 show a fourth embodiment.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS
The web plate according to FIG. 1 comprises a transparent pane 1 from which a multitude of webs 2 stand off. The width B of the webs is substantially greater than the distance A between neighbouring webs. Preferably, the width B is 40-200 mm. The web plate is mounted with the free edges of the webs 2 as close as possible to a wall 5, the outside 4 of which is coated with a light absorbing material, e.g. painted in black. In the built-in state, the longitudinal dimension of the webs 2 runs horizontally. Because convection in the flat, horizontally disposed cavities 3 between the webs 2 is almost impossible, a very good thermal insulation is achieved. The distance A between the webs should be as large as to achieve an optimum of minimal advection and a minimal number of webs 2, that through the web plate the thermal conduction is minimal and the total energy transmission is maximal. For a maximum of total energy transmission, the web plate must further be made with the minimal number of statically necessary panes. For this reason, the embodiment according to FIG. 1 does not comprise an interior terminal pane. The web plate can be made of transparent plastic or of glass. Preferably, it is extruded as a single piece.
In the embodiment according to FIG. 2, the webs 2 are joined on both sides to each a pane 1, thus the cavities 3 are closed. This embodiment is suitable for the insulation of a wall as well as for daylight illumination of rooms, e.g. for greenhouses. In the embodiment according to FIG. 3, the inner pane 1 carries further webs 2 with the same dimensions as in the embodiment according to FIG. 1.
In the embodiments according to FIGS. 4 and 5, the webs 2 can form an acute angle a with the pane 1. The angle .alpha. is chosen such that, on south orientation of the wall front, the direction of the sun rays during winter is more or less parallel to the web plane. Some of the webs 2 have on their lower side a saw-tooth shaped, i.e. a periodic-prismatically shaped cross section. Herewith is achieved that during the summer months, when the sun is high and the incident angle .beta. of the sun rays is e.g. 50.degree., most of the incident radiation is deflected outwards through refraction. A shading of the web plate or of the wall 5 during summer is therefore not needed. The angle .alpha. of the webs determines at which incident angle .beta. the sun rays will penetrate the web plate unhindered. For this reason, the webs are oriented according to the solar incident angles during the heating period. By means of the angles .gamma. of the prisms which are disposed on the webs, it can be determined, according to FIG. 4, how much the sun rays are deflected per web 2. This saw-tooth shaped termination may be v
REFERENCES:
patent: 4399641 (1983-08-01), Schloemer et al.
patent: 4443987 (1984-04-01), Erb
patent: 4898153 (1990-02-01), Sherwood
patent: 5294472 (1994-03-01), Arnold et al.
patent: 5348790 (1994-09-01), Ben-Zvi et al.
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