Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification – Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,... – Hair dyeing
Reexamination Certificate
2001-07-30
2004-02-24
Gupta, Yogendra N. (Department: 1751)
Bleaching and dyeing; fluid treatment and chemical modification
Dyeing involving animal-derived natural fiber material ,...
Hair dyeing
C008S406000, C008S410000, C008S414000, C008S416000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06695888
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The difficulties in the development of hair coloring compositions, which can deliver precise long-lasting colors with low hair damage, are in part due to the inherent structure of the hair itself and in part due to the necessary harsh conditions of effective hair coloration processes.
In general, the condition and structure of human hair is not regular along the length of the hair shaft. Human hair is subject to various chemical and mechanical treatments such as combing, brushing, shampooing, heating, perming as well as exposure to the sun. As such, the hair at the ends of the hair shaft will generally exhibit signs of damage relative to the new growth close to the scalp. This damage can lead to inconsistent coloration when the hair is dyed due to irregular uptake of the hair-coloring agents along the length of the hair shaft. Thus there is a need for hair coloring compositions which can deliver substantially consistent hair color results throughout the hair.
Once the hair has been colored there is a desire for the color to be resistant to the fading action of the sun and other exterior factors and that the color is retained in a consistent manner for a predictable period of time. Thus it would be desirable to develop a hair coloring composition which exhibited reduced fade and provided improved resistance to wash out during regular cleansing regimen. An additional difficulty commonly associated with the dyeing of human hair is the need for dye systems that avoid any adverse effect on the hair and skin of the user.
To color human or animal hair using conventional oxidative dye technology it is generally necessary to treat the hair with a mixture of suitable oxidative coloring agents and at least one oxidizing agent and swelling agent at alkaline pHs. Hydrogen peroxide is the most commonly used oxidizing agent. This can lead to undesirable hair damage. These undesirable effects are in part due to the necessary conditions of conventional peroxide treatment, as part of the hair coloring process, which requires high pH (>pH 9), use of swelling agents such as ammonia, extended exposure (from 30 to 60 minutes) and relatively high concentration of oxidizing solutions (up to 30% volume of oxygen) in order to deliver effective hair dyeing and hair melanin bleaching. Thus there is a need for hair coloring compositions, which can oxidize dye precursors and color the hair effectively without damage.
Oxidative dyes and peroxide oxidizing agents can be used to deliver a variety of hair colors to the hair. However such conventional hair coloring compositions comprising oxidative dyes and peroxide oxidizing agent do not deliver against the key consumer needs of color saturation, color vividness, precise initial color predictability, improved wash fastness, improved safety and low hair damage.
Applicants have now found that the combination of peroxide oxidizing agents with certain transition metal salts or complexes and one or more oxidative coloring agents in hair coloring compositions can deliver excellent initial hair color in a faster time, good wash fastness of the hair color over time, desirable color saturation and vividness attributes, and significantly reduced hair damage. Furthermore, applicants have found that the combination of these dye precursors and transition metal salts or complexes with a source of peroxide at particular levels and ratios in the coloring compositions of the present invention can deliver these excellent hair coloring attributes results with minimal hair damage in a faster time.
Thus it is an object of the present invention to provide improved hair coloring compositions.
The following publications relate to the field of the invention:
U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,355 discloses hair coloring compositions which comprise (a) a water-soluble peroxygen oxidizing agent, (b) an organic peroxyacid precursor oxidizing aid, and (c) one or more oxidative hair coloring agents. The compositions may be used in processes for coloring human or animal hair and may be conveniently provided in kits wherein each of the aforementioned components are individually packaged. This patent, at column 23, lines 20-35, discloses as a ligand, a list which includes 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane.
WO 97/24108, WO 97/24107 and U.S. Pat. No. 6,004,355 disclose a hair bleaching composition comprising: a) a water-soluble peroxygen bleach and (b) a bleaching aid selected from organic peroxyacid bleach precursors and/or preformed organic peroxyacids. The products can provide hair bleaching and in-use efficacy benefits including reduced hair damage at lower pH.
U.S. Pat. No. 5,873,910 discloses a process for the two-stage oxidation dyeing of keratin fibers by applying to the keratin fibers:
in a first stage, at least one composition A containing at least one manganese salt and/or a manganese complex,
in a second stage, at least one composition B having a pH of greater than or equal to 6, and resulting from the extemporaneous mixing of at least one composition B1 containing at least one 4-substituted 1-naphthol and at least one composition B2 containing at least one oxidizing agent, and corresponding multi-compartment dyeing kit.
This patent discloses 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane as a manganese complex to be used in its process at column 10, lines 20-25.
DE 19852972 discloses the use of 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane in hair dye formation.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is related to a hair coloring composition suitable for the treatment of human or animal hair. According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a hair coloring composition comprising a first composition which comprises:
(a) a dye forming transition metal complex; which is first applied to the hair;
and a second composition which comprises the following two compositions which are mixed just prior to application to the hair:
(a) a water-soluble peroxygen oxidizing agent; and
(b) one or more oxidative hair coloring agents selected from the group consisting of an aromatic diamine, an amino phenol, a polyhydric phenol, a catechol and mixtures thereof.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As used herein, % means weight % of the total composition unless otherwise designated. The compositions of the invention are made using known ingredients or with ingredients analogous to those known in the art. The packages or containers to be used with the compositions of the invention are made using known processes and materials or by processes and materials which are analogous to those known in the art.
Compositions of the invention are used in a two step process for the coloring and bleaching of hair. That is, the first recited composition comprising dye forming transition metal catalysts is contacted with the hair, and then the second composition is made by mixing the following two ingredients just prior to application to the hair; (a) a water-soluble peroxygen oxidizing agent; and (b) one or more oxidative hari coloring agents. After mixture, this composition is then applied to hair. The coloring reaction takes place and the hair is rinsed.
As used herein the term “hair” to be treated may be “living” i.e. on a living body or may be “non-living” i.e. in a wig, hairpiece or other aggregation of non-living fibres. Mammalian, preferably human hair is preferred. However wool, fur and other melanin containing fibres are suitable substrates for the compositions according to the present invention.
The hair coloring compositions can contain, in addition to a mixture of active oxidizing agents, transition metal salts or complexes and oxidative coloring agents such as, by way of example, sequestrants, thickeners, buffers, carriers, surfactants, solvents, antioxidants, polymers non-oxidative dyes and conditioners.
As noted above, there is provided a hair coloring composition comprising a first composition which comprises:
(a) a dye forming transition metal complex or salt;
which is first applied to the hair; and a second composition, which comprises the following two compositi
Au Van
Bartolone John Brian
Madison Stephen
Aronson Michael P.
Elhilo Eisa
Gupta Yogendra N.
Unilever Home & Personal Care USA , division of Conopco, Inc.
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