Conveyors: fluid current – Conduit
Patent
1991-07-16
1993-01-05
Focarino, Margaret A.
Conveyors: fluid current
Conduit
406195, 2851371, 165150, 165178, B65G 5352
Patent
active
051764750
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention relates to a pneumatic transport system for transferring particulate material from a first pressurized container to a second container which is under a lower pressure while successively reducing the pressure. It is built up of a number of parallel tubes arranged in series which at their ends are joined to transfer chambers for the gas/material flow from an upstream tube to a downstream tube. Transport systems of this kind may advantageously be used for discharging dust (ashes) from gas cleaners in a PFBC power plant or bed material from a combustor in such a plant.
PFBC are the initial letters of the English expression Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion.
BACKGROUND ART
A transport device of the above kind for successive reduction of the pressure by repeatedly changing a gas/particle stream is disclosed in European Patent 0 108 505 applied to a PFBC power plant. In this a combustor and a cleaner for combustion gases are enclosed within a pressure vessel and surrounded by compressed combustion air. The operating pressure in the plant may amount to about 20 bar. In its most appropriate embodiment the transport device comprises a number of parallel tubes which are connected in series with a number of transfer chambers where the diversion of the gas/particle stream occurs. A special embodiment of a transfer chamber is shown and described in Swedish patent application 8500923-1. The pressure-reducing transport device may be designed and arranged as a cooler for separated dust from the combustion gases in the PFBC power plant.
A transport device designed as an ash cooler and provided with transfer chambers according to the invention is shown and described in the Swedish parallel application 8900133-3.
The material to be fed out from a gas cleaner or a combustor is often abrasive and has a high temperature, up to about 900.degree. C. Since the transport device is able to operate continuously and without valves, as in lock hopper systems, it is exceedingly suitable for feeding out dust/ashes from gas cleaners.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention aims to provide a transfer chamber with optimum characteristics for the transport system, for diversion of a gas/particle stream with minimum erosion in the transfer chamber.
According to the invention the transfer chambers are formed with tubular inlets and outlets opening out into a space for diversion of a gas/material stream 180.degree. between the inlet and the outlet. In this space the wall between the inlet and the outlet is formed with a double-bent asymmetrical saddle-formed surface which conforms to the wall surfaces of the inlet and the outlet. At the lowermost point of the saddle-formed surface the cross section at the outlet is greater than at the inlet. The asymmetry results in a more favourable flow configuration and the larger cross section gives a lower flow rate at the outlet. These two factors result in reduced erosion and a longer life of the transfer chamber. The space is also suitably formed with a chamber width at the outlet side than at the inlet side.
The transfer chamber is suitably made in the form of an alloy of castings of a heat-resistant and abrasion-resistant material.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING
The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein
FIG. 1 shows a PFBC power plant in which the invention is utilized as a pressure-reducing discharge device and cooler of ashes separated in a gas cleaner,
FIG. 2 shows a diagram of such an ash discharge device and cooler comprising 30 tube parts and 29 transfer chambers connecting the tube parts,
FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a transfer chamber according to B--B in FIG. 4,
FIG. 4 shows a section through a transfer chamber according to A--A in FIG. 3,
FIG. 5 shows an end view of a transfer chamber according to C--C in FIG. 3,
FIG. 6 shows a section according to D--D in FIG. 3, and
FIG. 7 shows a section according to E--E in FIG. 3.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In the figures
REFERENCES:
patent: 1410548 (1922-03-01), Brown
patent: 1875663 (1932-12-01), Sandstrom
patent: 2301113 (1942-11-01), Ettington et al.
patent: 2396650 (1946-03-01), Hannah
patent: 2892261 (1959-06-01), Armstrong
patent: 4747449 (1988-05-01), Nickell
patent: 4767243 (1988-08-01), Brannstrom
ABB Stal AB
Focarino Margaret A.
Hoge Gary C.
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