Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series – Organic compounds – Carbohydrates or derivatives
Reexamination Certificate
1998-10-08
2003-04-29
Jones, W. Gary (Department: 1634)
Organic compounds -- part of the class 532-570 series
Organic compounds
Carbohydrates or derivatives
C536S023500, C536S024310
Reexamination Certificate
active
06555666
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to immunomodulatory compositions and methods.
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BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Cytokines and related immunomodulatory compounds play an important role in the regulation and function of the immune system, making them suitable targets for therapeutic intervention in diseases involving immune system dysfunction. It would therefore be desirable to identify heretofore undiscovered genes encoding cytokines and other immunomodulatory compounds, which may be useful as a basis for treatment of diseases affecting or influenced by the immune system. Present methods for the identification of such genes have met with limited success. These methods include (i) screening for DNAse I hypersensitive sites and HTF islands as potential markers for transcription units, (ii) cross-species hybridization analysis of genomic sequences, (iii) hybridization of radiolabelled cDNAs to arrayed genomic clones, (iv) screening of cDNA libraries with complex genomic probes, (v) exon trapping, (vi) random sequencing and assignment of tissue-specific cDNAs, (vii) “software trapping” of the genes in extensive genomic sequencing projects, and (viii) cDNA normalization, subtraction or/and hybridization selection using extensive genomic fragments.
Most of the above approaches have proven either unreliable, or have required a substantial effort to find the genes of interest. For instance, a conventional “functional” gene cloning route includes purifying the protein factor with a particular biological activity, microsequencing the protein to design a redundant oligoprobe, raising antibodies to the protein, expression cloning of the candidate gene or conventional screening of cDNA libraries with the redundant probe.
En masse cDNA sequencing efforts have contributed substantially to novel gene discovery by identifying a large number of novel sequences and tissue expression “profiles”. However, because these efforts typically had no defined targets and depended on screening conventional cDNA libraries, they resulted in the preferential identification of common, abundant cDNAs, and were thus biased against the identification of novel cytokine genes, which tend to be selectively expressed at relatively low levels.
Exon trapping can be efficiently used to screen complex genomic DNA. This method is widely-used due to its independence of the gene expression in any particular cell line or tissue, but it requires substantial further efforts for isolation and identification of the genes in question.
Many of the difficulties in cytokine gene identification mentioned above have been overcome by employing methods detailed in the present specification. These methods were used to isolate a number of human cDNA fragments which may encode immunomodulatory molecules.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In one aspect, the present invention includes a substantially-isolated polynucleotide having a sequence encoding a human polypeptide having immunomodulatory activity. In one embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:65. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:66. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:67. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:68. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:70. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:71. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:72. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:73. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:74. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:76. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:78. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:79. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:82. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:83. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:85. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:86. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:88. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:92. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:95. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:98. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:99. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:100. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:104. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:105. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:106. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:107. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:108. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:109. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:112. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:113. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:114. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide has the sequence represented as SEQ ID NO:115. In another embodiment, the polynucleotide
Dehlinger Peter J.
Jones W. Gary
Perkins Coie LLP
Souaya Jehanne
Thrower Larry W.
LandOfFree
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