Education and demonstration – Anatomy – physiology – therapeutic treatment – or surgery... – Cardiac massage or artificial respiration
Patent
1987-07-20
1989-07-25
Picard, Leo P.
Education and demonstration
Anatomy, physiology, therapeutic treatment, or surgery...
Cardiac massage or artificial respiration
G09B 2328
Patent
active
048508764
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to the field of medicine and, in particular, to training devices for practicing emergency life saving techniques before and after admission to the hospital in cases of cardiac arrest and respiratory standstill caused by serious injuries as a result of domestic and industrial accidents, electric contacts, traffic accidents, drowning accidents, poisonings or other accidents.
BACKGROUND ART
However perfect the emergency medical service might be now or in the future, it can still come too late in cases of cardiac arrest or respiratory failure. It is a matter of only 3 to 5 minutes, that is the time span between the clinical death which is reversible and irreversible damage to the central nervous system and several other organs characteristic of biological death. Any meaningful help can only come from people who happen to be close to the site of the accident.
Practical application of life saving techniques has proved to be extremely effective in the street, on the shore, at home, at an enterprise, and in other places. Many thousands of lives saved by emergency resuscitation methods is an excellent example of this.
Statistical data demonstrate that in the United States alone over 25 thousand people were saved by the end of the 60s by persons having no medical background. It is therefore important socially and otherwise that as many people as possible are trained to perform uncomplicated but effective life saving techniques.
It should be pointed out that such training without practical experience, with practicing on specially designed life saving training devices is extremely inefficient. A person cannot acquire proper skills usable in emergency situations. Practical experience has demonstrated that the practicing process can only be made effective when training devices are employed, which can simulate a real life situation and produce a stable dynamic stereotype of movements required for the trainees to be able to successfully perform on the site of an accident without any special equipment.
Known in the art is a device for practicing techniques of cardiac-pulmonary resuscitation (cf., FRG Pat. No. 2144931, filed Sept. 8, 1971, C1. G 09 B 23/32), comprising a human manikin composed of a head mock-up equipped with a movable lower jaw, a nose with compressible nostril wings, an infection protection system made as a detachable face mask, a resilient bag placed inside the head mock-up and communicating with the mouth and nose openings; a neck mock-up hinged to the head mock-up and a mock-up of the trunk without the upper and lower extremities with a rib cage equipped with resilient elements arranged beneath the front wall and lungs simulated by a resilient container connected by an air duct to the head mock-up inner space. This training device is used by an instructor to teach trainees techniques of cardiac-pulmonary resuscitation, including assisted respiration and external chest massage. For artificial respiration the trainee brings the head of the manikin back, clamps the nostril wings, and, fitting his mouth over the manikin's mouth, vigorously exhales. The air breathed in fills the elastic bag which expands and forces the air from the mock-up head into the elastic container of the manikin's lungs. The elastic container simulating the lungs lifts the front wall of the manikin's rib cage. The trainee can see if artificial respiration is being done properly by this rise of the rib cage. For external chest massage the trainee places his both hands on the rib cage of the manikin and starts regular pressing. In this case only the instructor can judge if the trainee is doing his job properly.
This training device is deficient in that it has to be equipped with a large number of masks and elastic bags for individual protection, which does not fully exclude infection foci being formed inside the manikin considering imperfect quality of elastic bags and inaccurate fitting of such bags inside the manikin's head mock-up.
Moreover, this device provides no means for monitoring such
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Ambu CPR Simulator, Advertising Booklet, 1984, Denmark.
Abramovich Grigory M.
Bogoyavlensky Igor F.
Kostromitin Valery A.
Lutaenko Vyacheslav F.
Matsievsky Jury B.
Picard Leo P.
Raionnoe Energeticheskoe Upravlenie "Irkutskenergo"
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