Education and demonstration – Anatomy – physiology – therapeutic treatment – or surgery... – Dentistry
Patent
1993-10-07
1996-01-02
Mancene, Gene
Education and demonstration
Anatomy, physiology, therapeutic treatment, or surgery...
Dentistry
434262, G09B 2328
Patent
active
054803071
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a training and practice apparatus.
The intention and purpose of such a training and practice apparatus is to enable the user to have a working situation that is as lifelike as possible as regards the human body, so that the user can carry out his training and practice activity in the presence of the anatomical conditions of an average adult human being. In this case the mounting of the model head presents a special problem because for a variety of dental treatments different head positions need to be adopted in order to achieve a satisfactory head position and assure comfortable treatment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PRIOR ART
A training and practice apparatus for simulating and practising dental processes with a model head or a model bust is described in DE 39 41 332 C2, the head being carried by a neck fixed to it. The model head or the model bust is mounted on a carrier so that it can swivel in a vertical plane. The neck approximates to the natural shape and dimensions of the human neck. The possibility of further head movements is not described in this publication.
A head model for the training and practising of the taking of dental X-rays is described in US 35 20 060. This known head model consists of a head core and a head cover made of soft plastic material which can be pulled over the core, the head cover comprising a neck of a size and shape which corresponds to human size and shape. The head core is pivot-supported by means of a neck rod with a ball joint, which is fixed to the head core. In this known model head the neck consists of a soft material which cannot perform any bearing function. The neck rod is directly fixed to the head core.
DE-GM 77 37 839 describes a model head with no neck, the model head being swivel-mounted in a ball joint and fixable in the appropriate swivel position, the joint being arranged in the area of the back of the head. The ball joint is arranged at the top end of a bearing rod which can be fixed to a bearing plate according to FIG. 4.
A configuration similar to the configuration described above can be found in DE 25 31 436 B2, the back of the head being formed as part of the ball joint in this configuration.
DE 24 51 618 A1 described a model head which is movably mounted by means of a support component similar or corresponding to a dentist's chair backrest and adjustable according to the movements of the backrest in its inclination to the horizontal as well as according to height, the model head being mounted on the support component in the area of its free end. According to FIG. 7 this model head is adjustably mounted on a rod which essentially extends vertically. A neck is not provided. Although an impediment structure corresponding to the human upper body is provided it is arranged on the available backrest separate from the head.
A disadvantage of the known configurations lies in the fact that they are very unattractive and do not therefore encourage the user's training and practice activity. In addition the head movements that are normal for them do not correspond to the natural head movements of an average adult human being.
A further disadvantage lies in the fact that the associated joint is directly accessible manually from the outside, so that there is the risk of pinching and injury to the user's hands when adjusting and setting the joint. This risk exists not only in the immediate area of the joint between the joint parts present, in particular in their stop area, but also between the lower end of the head area and the neck rod, and particularly when the joint is at the end of the neck rod which faces the head.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The object of the invention is to design a training and practice apparatus of the kind described above in such a way that a simple and untroublesome mounting for the head is achieved which permits lateral swivel movements and pitch movements of the head and a fixing of the head in the appropriate movement position.
Furthermore, interference with t
REFERENCES:
patent: 3520060 (1970-07-01), Crabtree et al.
patent: 3557471 (1971-01-01), Payne et al.
patent: 3707782 (1973-01-01), Alderson
patent: 3762069 (1973-10-01), Culver
patent: 4035920 (1977-07-01), Saupe
patent: 5102340 (1992-04-01), Berling-Hoff et al.
patent: 5158488 (1992-10-01), Berlinghoff et al.
"The Head of the Dental Class" by Ilene Barth, Parade, Nov. 5, 1972.
Berlinghoff Frank
Lang Hans-Walter
Straka Alfred
Kaltenbach & Voigt GmbH & Co.
Mancene Gene
Smith Jeffrey A.
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