Boots – shoes – and leggings
Patent
1986-03-26
1989-03-07
Lall, Parshotam S.
Boots, shoes, and leggings
364511, 36455101, 7386236, G01M 700, G06F 1500
Patent
active
048112380
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
The invention relates to a system for measuring torque, torsional vibrations and power on at leat one rotating shaft, with emitters and sensors as well as a multiplier and a signal processor.
In conventional torque measurement systems, strain gages attached to a shaft are used. The essential drawbacks of such systems consist in the current supply to the measuring bridge, in coupling the signal out from the rotating shaft, and in the elaborateness of the electronic equipment required.
Recent developments are based on contactless processes. In this case, for example, magnetic gear wheels or rings of non-magnetic material, into which permanent magnets have been incorporated, are attached to a drive shaft at a predetermined axial spacing. Each of the magnetic transducers generates pulses at a frequency proportional to the speed of the shaft. In this way the torque of the shaft is determined from the time difference between pulses of the respective transducers. According to a known method, for example, the sensor signals have an initial phase-shift with respect to each other. The pulse trains thus obtained are used to derive the pulse trains for the torque by AND operation (DE-AS 1 183 276). Torquemeters of this type have the essential drawback that the results of the measurements are dependent on environmental factors such as temperature. The measured result is also affected by equipment component and voltage variations. In addition, the measurements may be adversely affected by any type of manufacturing tolerance. An additional drawback is that gear wheels, rings, etc., have to be provided for deriving signals from the shaft, which often implies undesirable manipulations on the shaft, the torque of which is to be measured contactless. Furthermore, these systems are suitable for torque measurement only if the two emitters show the same number of marks and are mounted on one single shaft. Besides, the known systems for signal evaluation do not permit exact determination of torsional vibrations.
The object of the present invention is to provide a system for the measurement of torque as well as the exact determination of torsional vibrations and the simple determination of power. The contactless measurement system should be insensitive to disturbances, thus avoiding the environment- and material-dependent effects on the result. In addition, it should be possible to use as emitters suitably marked or structured wheels, disks or the like that are already available on the shaft and may have different numbers of marks on the periphery, said wheels, disks or the like being not necessarily arranged on one single shaft, but possibly on different shaft of a system of positive-locking shafts.
According to the present invention, a frequency converter is provided by means of which a new signal (S.sub.3) can be generated from one of the frequencies (f.sub.1 or f.sub.2) of the signals (S.sub.1, S.sub.2) of the sensors, the frequency (f.sub.3) of said new signal (S.sub.3) corresponding to the sum or difference frequency of the frequencies (f.sub.1, f.sub.2) of the signals (S.sub.1, S.sub.2) of the sensors, and said new signal being phase-locked to the signal (S.sub.1 or S.sub.2) from which it is generated, the relation of the initial phase of said new signal (S.sub.3) to the frequency-generating signal (S.sub.1 or S.sub.2) of the sensors being also determined by the other signal (S.sub.2 or S.sub.1), and the signals (S.sub.1, S.sub.2) of the sensors and the signal (S.sub.3) of the frequency converter are fed to the multiplier. Advantageous embodiments of the system according to the invention are described in subclaims 2 to 15.
According to the invention, the sensor signals S.sub.1 and S.sub.2 can be obtained by using two emitters attached to one or several shafts, and relevant sensors fixed close to the emitters. It is possible to use as emitters rings in a known manner, which consist of nonmagnetic material into which permanent magnets of alternating direction of magnetization have been incorporated on the ring p
REFERENCES:
patent: 3870226 (1975-03-01), LeRoy
patent: 4166437 (1979-09-01), Bianchi et al.
patent: 4195345 (1980-03-01), Artzt et al.
patent: 4352292 (1982-10-01), Madigosky et al.
patent: 4467662 (1984-08-01), Valdermasson
patent: 4609992 (1986-09-01), Bray
Decker Hans-Joachim
Gerrath Karl-Heinz
Strauss Eberhard
Vinson Heinz
Battelle-Institut e.V.
Lall Parshotam S.
Ramirez Ellis B.
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