Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Preparations characterized by special physical form – Cosmetic – antiperspirant – dentifrice
Reexamination Certificate
1998-11-10
2001-03-20
Page, Thurman K. (Department: 1615)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Preparations characterized by special physical form
Cosmetic, antiperspirant, dentifrice
C514S844000, C514S846000, C514S847000
Reexamination Certificate
active
06203805
ABSTRACT:
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to topical compositions containing whey protein which significantly increase the synthesis of collagen in skin. More specifically, the invention relates to topical compositions containing vitamin C, vitamin E and vitamin A in combination with whey protein which have collagen synthesis enhancing properties.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Collagen is a fibrous protein that is composed of a triple chain helix structure having a sequence of repeating amino acids, glycine, and X and Y, X and Y being any amino acid, but are usually proline and hydroxyproline. The X and Y amino acids, particularly proline, in addition to the presence of imino acid residues, stabilize the helical structure of collagen.
Collagen constitutes one quarter of the total amount of protein in the human body. It is the major fibrous element of skin, bone, tendons, cartilage, ligaments and blood vessels. Collagen represents about 70% of skin in terms of its dry weight and helps form the structural network of skin. The presence of collagen provides strength and resiliency in skin. While there are various types of collagen throughout the body, the collagen in skin is predominantly Type I and Type III, where 80% to 90% is Type I and the remaining 10% to 15% is Type III. Other types of collagen in skin, for example, Type IV, V, and I trimer are present in considerably smaller amounts.
Collagen is synthesized by fibroblasts. It is believed that as skin ages, the dermis and the epidermis thin because fibroblasts lose their ability to react to growth factors for the proliferation and synthesis of collagen. It has also long been recognized that there is a cause-and-effect relationship between prolonged and/or repeated exposure to UV light and the premature aging of skin. Excessive exposure to the sun contributes substantially to premature reduction in the quality and quantity of collagen in skin. These changes manifest themselves externally by typical signs of aging, such as deep lines and wrinkles, loss of elasticity, skin dryness and unevenness, and increased frequency of blotches, pigmented spots, and benign as well as malignant neoplasms. Kucharz, E. J., “The Collagens: Biochemistry and Pathophysiology”, (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1992), pps. 6-29, 79-80, 227-232.
To counteract the undesired effects of both types of aging (i.e., natural and photo-induced), methods of increasing collagen synthesis have been investigated using, for example, a retinoic acid, aminoethyl compound, certain types of growth factors, ginsenoside, ascorbic acid, or tocopherol. See, for example, Kim et al., The Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 98:359-363 (1992); Griffiths, C. E. M. et al., The New England Journal of Medicine, 329: 530-535 (1993); Chojkier et al., The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 264(28):16957-16962 (1989); U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,747,538, 5,747,049 and 5,386,012. In addition, there has been research involving the stimulation of collagen with a peptide. The peptide, in the form of a hydrolysate obtained by fermentation of milk proteins, was found to increase the thickness of the stratum corneum. It did not, however, significantly increase the level of collagen. Augustin et al., Skin Pharmacol 10: 63-70 (1997).
Thus, while various species are known to stimulate collagen synthesis, the topical compositions of the present invention provide a synergistic combination that unexpectedly enhances the stimulation of collagen synthesis. As there is a continued desire to maintain the health of the skin for the purpose of appearing attractive and prolonging a youthful look, a boost in the production of collagen in the skin is important and is the object of the present invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cosmetic or pharmaceutical compositions containing whey protein for topical application to the skin and methods of enhancing collagen synthesis in the skin. The components of the composition comprise collagen enhancing effective amounts of (a) a retinoid (hereinafter referred to as vitamin A) and derivatives thereof, (b) an ascorbic acid (hereinafter referred to as vitamin C) and derivatives thereof, (c) vitamin E and derivatives thereof, and (d) a whey protein. The vitamins E and C components are present in the composition in specific ranges and the vitamin C component is present in an amount less than the vitamin E component to boost collagen synthesis. Therefore, these compositions are useful in the treatment and prevention of the effects of aging and photoaging, i.e., the damage to the skin which occurs as a result of a decrease in collagen synthesis in skin.
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Griffiths, C. E. M. et al., “Restoration of Collagen Formation in Photodamaged Human Skin by Tretinoin (Retinoic Acid)”, The New England Journal of Medicine, 329, Aug. 19, 1993, pp. 530-535.
Augustin, C. et al., “A Skin Equivalent Model for Cosmetological Trials: An in vitro Efficacy Study of a New Biopeptide”, Skin Pharmacol, 10, 1997, pp. 63-70.
Kucharz, E. J., “The Collagens: Biochemistry and Pathophysiology”, 1992, pp. 6-29, 79-80, 227-232, Springer-Verlag Heidelberg.
Diminish Retinol Treatment Product Pamphlet and Package Insert (5 pages) publicly available Dec., 1997.
Nutritious Bio-Protein Moisture Complex Product Pamphlet and Package Insert (6 pages) publicly available Dec., 1996.
Collins Donald F.
Mammone Thomas
Marenus Kenneth D.
Color Access Inc.
Kenyon & Kenyon
Page Thurman K.
Ware Todd D
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