Resilient tires and wheels – Tires – resilient – With cooling devices
Patent
1981-02-25
1982-08-10
Kimlin, Edward C.
Resilient tires and wheels
Tires, resilient
With cooling devices
152330C, 152417, 152DIG5, 165 41, 301 5R, B60C 1906, F28F 100
Patent
active
043433383
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
DESCRIPTION
1. Technical Field
This invention relates primarily to systems for cooling tires and more particularly to systems for removing heat from the inside surface and air cavity of beadless, radial and bias ply tires, among others.
2. Background Art
It is well known that the temperatures to which a tire is exposed greatly affect the strength and rate of deterioration of that tire. Generally, the safe load bearing ability of a tire decreases as the temperature of the tire increases. Similarly, exposure of the tire to elevated temperatures, typically in excess of 90.degree. C., for example, decreases the durability of the tire.
For some vehicles, especially heavy off-the-road trucks, tractor scrapers and the like, this temperature sensitivity of the tires often becomes a dominant operating limitation. One measure of this limitation is expressed in terms of ton miles per hour (TMPH), that is, the product of the average load on a tire and the average operating speed of the tire. If the TMPH operating limitation could be improved as by decreasing the operating temperature of the tire, then the speed and/or loading at which the tires could be operated would be proportionately increased.
Heat is generated in a tire primarily in two manners: through compression of the carcass material as it is compressed; and, through hysteresis losses as the rubber carcass material flexes. It is obvious, then, that the rate at which heat is generated is directly related to the product of the loading of the tire and the rate at which the tire rotates. While the configuration of the tire and the material from which the tire is composed can be selected to limit the extent and mitigate the effects of heat build-up in a tire, such efforts are not sufficient in many cases to eliminate vehicle limitations due to heat build-up in the vehicle's tires.
Beginning with the early part of this century, many schemes have been proposed for cooling tires. One class of these tire cooling schemes centers on transferring heat from the hottest portions of the tires to the coolest. For example, in one such design, a volatile liquid is contained within the recess defined by the tire and rim. As this liquid heats it boils and condenses on the coolest portions of the inner recess, thereby effecting a transference of heat. Typical is U.S. Pat. No. 3,675,699 issued to Ocone on July 11, 1972. Such designs have proven not truly effective in that, in many cases, an insufficient amount of additional heat can be transferred from the tire to effect a significant decrease in the highest temperatures within the tire.
Another class of proposals for tire cooling systems involve some form of a reservoir external to the tire with a cooling fluid such as a gas pumped between the reservoir and the central cavity of the tire. Such systems serve to transfer heat away from the tire altogether rather than merely to transfer heat from warmer to cooler portions of the tire. This achieves a greater transference of heat than the totally internal system but is disadvantageous in that, unless the entire system is attached to the wheel for rotation therewith, there is a need for a rotating wheel seal for transferring the cooling medium from the rotating wheel to the non-rotating vehicle. Typically, such seals are imperfect, allowing undesirable leakage. The use of rotating wheel seals is very troublesome in this particular application in that the tire and, of course, the cooling medium are pressurized. Leakage from rotating wheel seals under pressure is especially pronounced.
It would be advantageous if a tire cooling system could employ the advantages of a heat exchanger external to the tire yet avoid the necessity of having either a heat exchanger rotatable with the wheel or suffering significant coolant losses.
The present invention is directed to overcoming one or more of the problems set forth above.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
A tire cooling system for a vehicle has a tire mounted on a rim, the tire and rim defining a central cavity. The vehicle has a heat exchanger
REFERENCES:
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patent: 4140198 (1979-02-01), Chamberlain
patent: 4298047 (1981-11-01), Bobard
Boland Lois E.
Caterpillar Tractor Co.
Kimlin Edward C.
Phillips Richard F.
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