Aeronautics and astronautics – Aircraft sustentation – Sustaining airfoils
Patent
1994-07-18
1997-06-03
Kashnikow, Andres
Aeronautics and astronautics
Aircraft sustentation
Sustaining airfoils
244 35R, 244 46, 244130, 244198, 244204, 244212, 244215, 244219, B64C 310, B64C 508, B64C 2306, B64C 906
Patent
active
056346131
ABSTRACT:
Methods for using tip generated vortices to improve performance of foils. These methods include generating a substantially streamwise beneficial vortex (74) near the outboard end (60) of a foil (82). This beneficial vortex (74) spins in the opposite direction of an induced drag vortex (62), and is used to create an upwash field (76) which neutralizes induced drag by deflecting the flow behind the trailing edge (56) at an upward angle. Upwash field (76) causes the lift vector (118) on the foil (82) to tilt forward, thereby creating a forward directed force of induced thrust upon the foil (82). Beneficial vortex (74) is also used to contain and compress the high pressure field existing along the attacking surface of the foil (82), and displace the induced drag vortex (62) inboard from the tip of the foil (82). Numerous performance parameters are improved dramatically by using beneficial vortex (74), as well as by using a double vortex pattern (124). Methods for creating, using, and controlling these vortex patterns are offered along with a variety of embodiments for employing such methods. Described embodiments include a twist (66) along the span of a foil (82b), an anhedral tip droop having a divergent axis of droop curvature (86), a movable vortex flap (102), a cone shaped vortex generator (134), a curved outboard droop (146), and a vortex flap network (162). Methods are also disclosed for reducing overall tip vorticity.
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Kashnikow Andres
Mojica Virna Lissi
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