Time resolved optical array detectors and CCD cameras for freque

Details Time resolved optical array detectors and CCD cameras for freque Time resolved optical array detectors and CCD cameras for freque

1992-12-01

1994-06-21

Hannaher, Constantine

Radiant energy

Luminophor irradiation

G01N 2164

Patent

active

053230108

ABSTRACT:
An apparatus for cross-correlation frequency domain fluorometry-phosphorimetry comprises a source of electromatic radiation and means for amplitude modulating the radiation at the first frequency. The amplitude modulated radiation is directed at a sample, while an optical array detector measures the resulting luminescence of the sample. A signal is provided coherent with the amplitude modulated electromagnetic radiation signals, at a second frequency which is different from the first frequency. The apparatus has the capability for shutting off and turning on the coherent signal at the second frequency in a cycle which is at a third frequency that is different from the difference between the first and second frequencies. This produces a resultant signal at a frequency derived from the difference and the third frequency. The resultant signal, when turned on, modulates the gain of the detecting means or multiplies its output, depending upon the nature of the detecting means. The amount of luminescence measured by the optical array detector is read when the coherent signal is off in its cycle of the third frequency. A signal from the reader described above is then detected at a frequency of the resultant signal to determine phase shift and modulation changes of the luminescence.

REFERENCES:
patent: 4840485 (1989-06-01), Gratton
patent: 4937457 (1990-06-01), Mitchell
patent: 5212386 (1993-05-01), Gratton et al.
Lakowicz et al., "Gigahertz Frequency-Domain Fluorometry: Applications to Picosecond Processess and Future Developments." SPIE vol. 909 Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry (1988) pp. 15-22.
Laczko et al., "10-GHz frequency-domain fluorometer." Rev. Sci. Instrum. 61(9) (Sep. 1990). pp. 2331-2337.
Berndt et al., "4 GHz internal MCP-photomultiplier cross correlation." Rev. Sci. Instrum. 61(10) (Oct. 1990) pp. 2557-2565.
Gratton et al., "Parallel acquisition of fluorescence decay using array detectors." SPIE vol. 1204 Time-Resolved Laser Spectroscopy in Biochemistry II (1990) pp. 21-25.
Gratton et al., "A Continuously Variable Frequency Cross-Correlation Phase Fluorometer With Picosecond Resolution." Biophysical Journal vol. 44 (1983) pp. 315-324.

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