Fluid handling – Larner-johnson type valves; i.e. – telescoping internal valve... – Internal servo-motor with internal pilot valve
Patent
1993-04-16
1995-05-23
Nicholson, Eric K.
Fluid handling
Larner-johnson type valves; i.e., telescoping internal valve...
Internal servo-motor with internal pilot valve
137167, A01B 504, A01B 1516
Patent
active
054172381
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
This invention relates to tillage implements. While the invention more especially relates to ploughs, it is also applicable to harrows and other cultivation and tillage apparatus.
Farmers are currently faced with the prospect of complete ban on straw and stubble burning. This represents a considerable problem for arable farmers since the volume of straw produced by grain crops is far more than is required for animal bedding purposes and like uses. Moreover, the cost of transporting straw in bulk for other uses is prohibitive, even if such uses could be found. Accordingly, there is a need to incorporate the straw into the ground from whence it has grown.
Many proposals have been made for straw incorporation, including the use both of ploughs and of harrows. The success of these proposals depends very much on the conditions prevailing when the straw is to be incorporated into the soil. Generally speaking, problems are much less acute on light soil.
The present invention has been found to be particularly useful for dealing with the problems which arise in the case of heavy land and/or wet and dry conditions though it is efficiently useful over a very wide range of ground conditions.
In the case of heavy land, mouldboard ploughs are found to be of somewhat limited utility. When the ground is hard and dry, penetration is a problem and wear of all soil-engaging parts of the plough is excessive, and thus costly. When the land is wet, the mouldboard plough causes an unacceptable level of soil compaction, arising from the dynamic effect of the moving soil engaging the relatively stationary mouldboard.
Disc ploughs have been tried, of course. While the rotary action of a disc reduces the compaction effect mentioned above, there nevertheless remains, particularly in the case of heavy straw burying conditions, the problem of achieving effective straw burial. Disc ploughs and disc harrows tend to produce a mixing action which does not bury the straw fully and this leads to problems in wet conditions.
In short, I have identified a need for an improved plough which can achieve a good burying effect with straw, comparable perhaps to that of a mouldboard plough, yet achieving low dynamic compaction properties of a disc plough, and/or one or more other improvements in relation to matters discussed or disclosed herein, or generally.
According to the present invention, there is provided tilling apparatus comprising a frame, a plurality of tillage elements mounted on the frame for rotation about their respective axes, each tillage element comprising a disc having a substantially planar portion and an inclined flange portion extending from the periphery of said central portion, an abrupt transition being provided from the central portion to the flange portion, the axes of the different tillage elements being at least substantially parallel one with the other, and a plurality of soil penetrating elements, each soil penetrating element being mounted in front of the forward edge of a respective associated tillage element.
While tillage elements of the shape as used in the present invention and having a substantially planar central portion and an inclined peripheral flange portion have previously been proposed, for example in DE-C-1 070 866, this has been in connection with use instead of conventional curved discs in harrows and the like with no appreciation of the advantageous action which can be achieved for deep ploughing when used with a leading penetrating point to provide an initial earth breaking action to assist entry to the required depth with the soil of the soil inversion wheel.
GB-A-2 137 461 discloses a cultivator attempting to overcome the problem of stubble incorporation met by the present invention but, despite being more complicated, fails to appreciate the manner in which the problem can be solved. This prior proposal basically uses a series of soil working element progressively to break and turn the soil without proposing any way of providing the positive soil inversion provided by the present invention. In all e
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