Surgery: light – thermal – and electrical application – Light – thermal – and electrical application – Electrical energy applicator
Patent
1997-12-16
1999-01-19
Kamm, William E.
Surgery: light, thermal, and electrical application
Light, thermal, and electrical application
Electrical energy applicator
A61N 105
Patent
active
058610235
ABSTRACT:
An implantable lead includes a distal portion carrying a tissue-stimulating electrode having an outer surface and an inner surface, at least a portion of the outer surface of the electrode being adapted to stimulate cardiac tissue. At least one of the surfaces of the stimulating electrode includes an overlay of a sulfonated thermoplastic elastomer/rubber for minimizing adhesion and tissue ingrowth while passing sufficient electrical current to stimulate the tissue. The overlay may comprise a coating, film, tube, sleeve or other encapsulation. Sulfonated block copolymers of styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene-propylene-styrene (SEPS), styrene-isoprene-styrene and styrene-isobutylene-styrene are effective to inhibit the formation of thrombus at the shocking electrode. In addition, when these copolymers absorb body fluids, they swell and infiltrate the interstices of the electrode coils thereby inhibiting tissue ingrowth. Furthermore, such materials, while non-porous, are conductive and thus do not impede the flow of electrical current at sulfonation levels above at least about 30%, with the optimal level residing between about 40% and about 70%. Although the above-described sulfonated block copolymers are preferred, other hydrogel-like materials may be employed including p-HEMA (polyhydroxymethacrylate), PEG (polyethylene glycol) acrylates, and cross-linked PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), and polyurethane hydrogels.
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Kamm William E.
Pacesetter Inc.
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