Education and demonstration – Science – Molecular model or display having discrete element...
Patent
1984-07-19
1989-03-14
Lastova, MaryAnn
Education and demonstration
Science
Molecular model or display having discrete element...
434279, G09B 2702, G09B 2326
Patent
active
048121282
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to scientific visual aids and is more particularly concerned with three-dimensional molecular models.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Three-dimensional molecular models are modules made of plastic, for example, and connected to one another. Such modules can be made as hemispheres, cut-off spheres or polyhedrons. Each module represents an atom. The radius of a hemisphere represents the Van der waals atomic radius, while the distance from the center of the sphere to the cut-off plane is the covalent atomic radius. Connecting members of modules represent interatomic bonds while the angles between their geometric axes are valency angles. Conformal displacement of atoms is represented by turning individual modules or whole sets about connecting members.
Known in the art is a three-dimensional molecular model comprising hollow plastic modules made as hemispheres, cut-off spheres or polyhedrons. Each module is provided with one or several openings to fit conical elements of connecting members (cf., for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,170,246 C1. 35-18, 1965).
Also known in the art is a three-dimensional molecular model comprising plastic modules each representing one atom of a molecular structure. Modules are joined together by connecting members fitted into sockets of the modules. Plastic modules designed to represent atoms of cyclic compounds are made as regular polyhedrons whose faces are adjacent so that the model has one common apex (cf., for example, advertising booklet of the Ealing Corporation, South Natick, Mass., CPK Precision Molecular Models, 1980, pp. 27 and 30).
The above known three-dimensional molecular models are deficient in that they can represent only planar cyclic compounds. This is conditioned by the fact that, when models of cyclic compounds are put together, the centers of modules are located in one plane, which can be conditionally referred to as the cycle plane, and the sum of the angles formed by adjoining faces of the polyhedrons is equal to or less than 360.degree., so that a single atom or several atoms cannot be brought out of the cycle plane.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This invention is to provide a three-dimensional model of a molecular structure, wherein modules are made so that it becomes possible to represent aplanar cyclic compound structures.
There is provided a three-dimensional molecular model comprising plastic modules, each module represents one atom of a molecular structure, which are connected to one another, plastic modules which are intended to represent atoms of cyclic compounds are made as polyhedrons and placed in the model so that adjoining polyhedrons touch their faces and have a common apex, wherein, according to the invention, in order to provide an aplanar cyclic compound composed of at least three plastic modules, the plastic modules of this model are made so that the sum of the angles formed by adjoining faces of the module polyhedrons are more than 360.degree..
It is advisable that the plastic module representing atoms of cyclic compounds should be made as an irregular polyhedron.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to specific embodiments thereof and accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a three-dimensional molecular model;
FIG. 2 is a sequential view of the molecular model of FIG. 1 showing two modules turned in relation to their axes;
FIG. 3 illustrates a module of a molecular model;
FIG. 4 is a sequential view of the molecular model illustrated in FIG. 2 having an aplanar cyclic atomic bond;
FIG. 5a is a schematic drawing of valency angles of deoxyribose and ribose molecules;
FIG. 5b is a schematic drawing of planar angles about the center of deoxyribose and ribose molecules;
FIG. 6a is a schematic drawing of valency angles in a three-dimensional model of deoxyribose and ribose molecules; and
FIG. 6b is a schematic drawing of angles about the center of three-dimensional deoxyribose and ribose molecules.
DETAILED DESCRI
REFERENCES:
patent: 2962820 (1960-12-01), Petersen
Orbit Molecular Building System, 1971, pp. 9, 10 only.
Ealing Corp. flyer, Copyright 1971, CPK Precision Molecular Models, pp. 2, 3, 6, rear cover only.
Lastova Maryann
Szczepanik V.
Tartussky gosudarstvenny Universitet
LandOfFree
Three-dimensional molecular model does not yet have a rating. At this time, there are no reviews or comments for this patent.
If you have personal experience with Three-dimensional molecular model, we encourage you to share that experience with our LandOfFree.com community. Your opinion is very important and Three-dimensional molecular model will most certainly appreciate the feedback.
Profile ID: LFUS-PAI-O-891402