Textiles: weaving – Fabrics – Special shape
Patent
1991-03-18
1992-08-11
Bell, James J.
Textiles: weaving
Fabrics
Special shape
139 20, 139DIG1, 428257, 428225, D03D 300
Patent
active
051370581
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
This invention relates to a three dimensional fabric including a warp layer comprising a plurality of warp strings arranged in parallel with a longitudinal direction of the fabric, bias threads arranged in inclined directions with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fabric in a plane parallel to the warp layer, and a vertical thread arranged in a thicknesswise direction of the fabric in a perpendicularly intersecting condition to the warp strings, and also to a method for producing the fabric.
BACKGROUND
Composite materials having a three dimensional fabric that includes threads extending in the X, Y and Z directions are expected to be widely used as structional materials for rockets, aircraft, automobiles, marine vessels and buildings. Such fabrics include a multiplicity of warp strings, and vertical threads and wefts woven perpendicularly in between columns and rows of the warp strings. The fabric is used as a core and impregnated with matrix of a resin or an inorganic substance.
Further, as a method for producing the three dimensional fabric of the type mentioned, various processes are conventionally proposed. (For example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 38673/1979 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 14624/1976). While three dimensional fabrics of the type mentioned are strong enough against tensile loads, compressive loads and bending loads acting in the X, Y and Z directions, they have the drawback that the amount of deformation caused by a force acting in an inclined direction with respect to the axial direction is great.
It is a first object of the present invention to provide a novel three dimensional fabric wherein the amount of deformation by a force acting in an inclined direction is decreased.
It is a second object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a three dimensional fabric readily.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
In order to attain the first object described above, according to the present invention, there is provided a three dimensional fabric which comprises a warp layer consisting of a plurality of warp strings arranged in parallel with a longitudinal direction of the fabric, bias thread layers comprising a multiplicity of continuous bias threads arranged in such a manner as to be inclined symmetrically to each other with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fabric in a plane parallel to the warp layer, each pair of the bias thread layers making a set, and a plurality of vertical threads arranged perpendicular to the warp strings and in a thicknesswise direction of the fabric. A continuous vertical thread extend between adjacent columns of the warp layer and is arranged to run back and forth between the opposite outer sides of the columns.
In addition to the construction described above, a weft may be arranged in a widthwise direction of the fabric such that it extends perpendicular to the warp strings. When the three dimensional fabric having bias threads as described above, is used as a core of a composite material in which a resin or the like is used as a matrix, the amount of deformation by a force acting in an oblique direction upon the composite material is decreased by the action of the bias threads. This increase the range of applications for such a structural material. By using a large number of bias threads which are continous and folded back in the individual bias thread layers, it is easy to continously weave the three dimensional fabric. When the fabric is used for a composite material, the rigidity against a tensile load, a bending load and some other loads is high and the strength is improved.
With the three dimensional fabric wherein no weft is present, in-plane 3-axis and in-plane isotropy can be obtained by the warp strings and the bias threads which are arranged such that they are inclined symmetrically to each other with respect to the longitudinal direction of the fabric in a plane parallel to the warp layer. Compared to an in-plane 4-axis, totally 5-axis three dimensional fabric in which a weft exists, such
REFERENCES:
patent: 4019540 (1977-04-01), Holman et al.
patent: 4725485 (1988-02-01), Horokawa
patent: 5024874 (1991-06-01), Yasui et al.
patent: 5080141 (1992-01-01), Bottger et al.
Anahara Meiji
Omori Hiroshi
Yasui Yoshiharu
Bell James J.
Kabushiki Kaisha Toyoda Jidoshokki Seisakusho
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