Refrigeration – Processes – Evaporation induced by sorption
Patent
1998-03-10
1999-10-12
Doerrler, William
Refrigeration
Processes
Evaporation induced by sorption
62480, F25B 1708, F25B 3504
Patent
active
059640979
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a device for producing cold and/or heat by a solid/gas reaction.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
The device intended by the invention is based on the use of the so-called "thermochemical pump" system, the main characteristics of which are as follows: engine", this reaction being of the type: ##STR1##
The reaction is exothermic in direction 1, which means that in this direction it produces heat, and endothermic in the direction 2, that is to say that in this direction it produces cold.
Such a system enables energy to be stored in the chemical form and has various fields of application.
In addition, such a system makes it possible, using a heat source at a temperature Ts, to produce heat at a temperature Tu such that:
In this case, the system is called a "chemical heat pump".
Such a system also makes it possible, using a heat source at a temperature T's, to produce heat at a temperature T'u such that:
In this case, the system is called a "chemical thermoconverter".
By virtue of this system, it is possible to produce refrigerating power using a heat source and simultaneously to produce, using a heat source at a temperature T"s, heat at a temperature T"u (T"u<T"s) and refrigerating power.
Depending on the circumstances, the heat or cold produced is used at the same time as the consumption of energy at high temperature (Ts, T's, T"s) or at a later time (storage effect).
Document EP-A-0,382,586 discloses a device for the production of cold and/or heat by a solid/gas reaction, comprising two reactors, each containing a different salt capable of reacting chemically with a gas within suitable temperature and pressure ranges, an evaporator and a condenser. As described in this document, the choice of two salts placed differently in the Clapeyron diagram makes it possible, during one of the phases of the operating cycle, to use the heat of reaction for synthesis of the salt lying within the high-temperature range to carry out the decomposition reaction (requiring a supply of energy) of the salt lying within the low-temperature range. This heat transfer which takes place via a heat-transfer fluid flowing between the two reactors has the effect of improving the energy efficiency.
However, this improved efficiency of the system does not completely satisfy the commercial requirements needed for such a system, for example because the device requires many control valves.
Document FR-A-2,653,541 discloses a device for producing cold and/or heat by a solid/gas reaction comprising reaction chambers, each containing a different salt capable of reacting with a gas within suitable temperature and pressure ranges, an evaporator and a condenser. Execution of the operating cycle makes it possible, as in the case of Document EP-A-0,382,586, to effect an internal energy recovery phase between the two solid/gas reactors. However, in this case, the management of the thermodynamic operating cycle, and in particular the recovery phase, are provided by the use of several gravitational heat pipes.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The subject of the present invention is therefore a device for producing cold and/or heat by a solid/gas reaction, which performs well but requires a smaller number of valves and of ancillary devices for transferring heat.
In order to achieve this objective, the invention provides a device for producing cold and/or heat by a chemical reaction which comprises two reactors each containing an associated salt (S1; S2) capable of reacting chemically with a gas and dispersed in a porous support, an enclosure designed to receive the gas from the reactors and an enclosure designed to deliver the gas to the reactors, characterized in that the reactors are placed in direct contact and are arranged so that the heat transfer between them takes place solely by conduction.
The present invention also provides a process for carrying out chemical reactions between at least one salt and a gas within a device for producing cold and/or heat, the device comprising two reactors
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Goetz Vincent
Spinner Bernard
Doerrler William
Elf Aquitaine
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