Power plants – Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy... – With supercharging means for engine
Patent
1990-06-20
1992-12-08
Koczo, Michael
Power plants
Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or by exhaust energy...
With supercharging means for engine
60599, 123585, F02B 3700, F02M 3300
Patent
active
051687062
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a thermally insulated engine including a combustion chamber, principal portions of which are made of a thermally insulating material.
There has been developed a thermally insulated engine including heated portions around a combustion chamber, such as a cylinder liner, a cylinder head, a piston head, piston rings, valves, and intake and exhaust ports, which are made of a ceramic material as a thermally insulating material.
With such a thermally insulated engine, the cylinder liner and the cylinder head are not required to be cooled, and hence a radiator system therefor is not necessary. Since the engine itself is structurally simple, it is much lighter and smaller in volume than conventional engines.
However, inasmuch as the cylinder liner and the cylinder head are not cooled, the inner wall surface of the combustion chamber is kept at a high temperature when the thermally insulated engine is subjected to a full load. Stated otherwise, when the engine is operated for acceleration, the air which is adiabatically compressed is heated to a high temperature and kept under a high pressure at the end of the compression stroke. Therefore, more nitrogen oxides (NOx) tend to be produced when the fuel is burned than they are in the combustion chamber of an engine which has an ordinary radiator.
In order to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides, the fuel may be supplied at an increased rate for an increased air-fuel ratio. If the air-fuel mixture becomes rich, however, soot (black smoke) is produced.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In view of the aforesaid problems, it is an object of the present invention to provide a thermally insulated engine which can easily reduce NOx and soot in exhaust gases.
According to the present invention, there is provided a thermally insulated engine including a combustion chamber which has principal portions made of a thermally insulating material and a turbocharger which has a compressor coupled to a turbine drivable by the exhaust energy of the engine, for supercharging the engine, the thermally insulated engine comprising detecting means for detecting an operating condition of the engine, an electric motor mounted on a rotatable shaft of the turbine, an oxygenating mechanism having an oxygenating film, a compressor mounted on the rotatable shaft of the turbine for delivering oxygenated air from the oxygenating mechanism to the engine, and control means for controlling the electric motor to assist in operating the compressor and controlling the amount of oxygenated air depending on the operating condition of the engine as detected by the detecting means.
Only oxygen in air passes through the oxygenating mechanism, and oxygenated air is supplied to the engine. The amount of air is controlled by the motor which is driven depending on the operating condition of the engine. A second compressor serving as a source of air to be supplied to the oxygenating mechanism is disposed coaxially with the compressor, and a cooling unit is provided which cools intake air to be supplied to the engine when the second compressor operates. When the engine is accelerated, the concentration of oxygen in the intake air is increased, and the temperature of the intake air is lowered. The temperature and pressure of the intake air at the end of the compression stroke of the supercharged thermally insulated engine are lowered to the same degree as that of ordinary engines. Even when a lot of fuel is burned, the generation of NOx and soot is suppressed since the concentration of oxygen in the intake air is high.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a thermally insulated engine according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an oxygenating mechanism used in the thermally insulated engine according to the embodiment.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
An embodiment of the present invention will hereinafter be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1
REFERENCES:
patent: 3143103 (1964-08-01), Zuhn
patent: 4833887 (1989-05-01), Kawamura et al.
Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co. Ltd.
Koczo Michael
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