Static structures (e.g. – buildings) – With synthetic resinous component – Foam
Patent
1989-01-09
1990-12-18
Scherbel, David A.
Static structures (e.g., buildings)
With synthetic resinous component
Foam
523099, 5230911, 52408, 52792, E04C 100
Patent
active
049777114
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The present invention relates to a thermal insulation material as insulating and sealing layer for roof areas which makes it possible to cover larger areas of several square meters at a time, consisting of an underlayer of laminated strips of thermal insulation material.
In the case of flat roofs, especially in the case of roofs not provided with a vapor barrier insulation, it is known to apply the roof sealing in several layers onto the insulation. Manufacturers of insulation material have tried to simplify this multi-layer application in that insulating elements having the normal dimensions of 1.00 m.times.0.50 m were provided with a single sealing layer with a projecting overlap on both sides for bonding together with material already laid and consisting of insulating elements that had already been applied. By this measure it was intended to simplify the entire roofing operation and to have the insulating material protected against atmospheric influences immediately after the laying. It was then still necessary to apply the actual sealing layers (at least one) because, due to the application of the elements, overlaps were produced which were too short and there consequently existed a danger of humidity penetrating drom the outside.
Then, for a further simplification and in order to expedite the roofing procedure, web rolls were manufactured comprising an appropriately wide web sealing material having a length of up to 10 meters, onto which the strips of insulation material were bonded, which rendered an unrolling of these webs possible. These web rolls are up to 1 m in width and, having a length of 5 m, they cover a roof area of 5 m.sup.2 at a time. 5 meters was the stipulated minimum length in order to avoid overlaps which were too short.
These web rolls made it possible for the strips of insulating material to be unrolled so as to form a larger unit for a laying that covered a larger surface area. In this case, normal bitumen roofing felt webs are employed as sealing webs. When being unrolled, however, buckling wrinkles appeared in the substrate web so that there is a risk of leaks in the finished flat roof. That is why several additional roofing webs, but at least one additional roofing web, will have to be applied.
Even nowadays, in the case of flat roofs having a slope of 3% and more, the laying of at least two sealing strips on one thermal insulating layer is still stipulated. If the slope is less than 3% or, in the case of a zero slope, the application of three sealing or welding webs onto the thermal insulating layer is regarded as a job done in a workman-like fashion. Even the plastic sheets, whose development has advanced to such a high degree and which are admitted for use even on roofs having a zero slope, require, as a safety measure on a thermal insulation, an additional underlayer web for protecting the laid-out sheet on the joints of the thermal insulation against damage and the migration of e.g. plasticizers from the sheet sealing. However, the substrate web, irrespective of which type, located on a web roll is recognized as sheet protection. A further significant disadvantage in the multi-layer roof sealing is the dreaded blistering on the flat roof. This is caused by non-bonded points between the sealing layers. The slightest entrapment of humidity when laying the sealing layers on top of one another onto the thermal insulation material leads to non-bonded points and, due to this, invariably to blistering. This blistering is often put down to the vapor pressure apparently produced e.g. by solar radiation.
However, a vapor pressure above atmospheric can only arise at 100.degree. C. and above. But the blistering in the top layers is possible only by the volume increase of the entrapped air at the non-bonded points in accordance with the law of Gay-Lussac. According to this principle, the air volumes behave just like the absolute temperatures. That is why an expansion of the air between the individual sealing layers is unavoidable when the connection between the individual sealing layers
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Hoffert Linda J.
Scherbel David A.
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