Drug – bio-affecting and body treating compositions – Antigen – epitope – or other immunospecific immunoeffector – Conjugate or complex
Reexamination Certificate
1999-11-12
2001-07-03
Criares, Theodore J. (Department: 1617)
Drug, bio-affecting and body treating compositions
Antigen, epitope, or other immunospecific immunoeffector
Conjugate or complex
Reexamination Certificate
active
06254871
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of Invention
The present invention relates to the therapeutic efficacy of a composition containing components found in specially processed garlic for sickle cell anemia patients, particularly, to a method for ameliorating sickle cell anemia and more particularly to a method in which the composition or a specially processed garlic is administered on a daily basis for ameliorating anemia and preventing painful crisis in sickle cell anemia patients.
2. Discussion of the Background
Sickle cell anemia is a genetic disease seen in both African and African-American populations. The patients have a genetically abnormal hemoglobin (called sickle hemoglobin or HbS), which polymerizes at a low oxygen concentration and forms bundles of hemoglobin polymers, thus stretching and deforming red blood cells into a “sickle” shape. This deformation damages the membrane of patients' red blood cells and makes the average life of the red blood cells in the range of 10 to 20 days as opposed to 120 days for normal individuals. As a result, patients suffer from chronic anemia. These damaged red blood cells have a tendency to adhere to the endothelial cells of the blood vessel, neutrophils and platelets, and thus, obstruct blood flow causing frequent painful seizure called “sickle cell crisis,” damaging organs and impairing bone joints.
In Africa, one out of fifty persons is estimated to suffer from this disease, and if enough medical assistance is not provided, the average life span of the patients is around 20 years. In the entire African continent, millions of patients are estimated to suffer from this disease. In the United States, about one out of 500 of the African-American population (about 18% of total U.S. population) may suffer from this disease. The total number of sickle cell patients in the United States is estimated to be on the order of 70,000.
There is no known cure for this disease. Currently, the only medication which seems to have some efficacy is an oral administration of hydroxyurea. This compound increases the cellular content of fetal hemoglobin (HbF) which does not polymerize at low oxygen concentration like HbS. However, hydroxyurea has some negative side effects, such as bone marrow suppression, and a life-long administration may not be recommended.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a treatment for those stricken with sickle cell anemia that avoids the side effects of conventional hydroxyurea treatments.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a treatment method for sickle cell anemia patients that helps prevent sickle cell crisis.
These and other objects have been satisfied by the discovery of a method for the treatment of sickle cell anemia comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an effective amount of a composition comprising S-allyl cysteine and S-allylmercapto cysteine to treat and/or prevent anemia and sickle cell crisis.
REFERENCES:
Numagami et al. “Attenuation of rat ischemic brain damage by aged garlic extracts: a possible protecting mechnism as antioxidants”, Neurochem. Int. 1996, 29(2), 135-143.*
Dalvi et al, “An overview of medicinal and toxic properties of garlic”, J. Maharashtra Agric. Univ. 1993, 18(3), 378-81.*
Uchino, Hiroshi, “Nutritional value of S-methlcysteine sulfoxide (SMS) and related sulfur containing amino acids”, Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi, 1973, 28(4), 385-91.*
Sumiyoshi, H., “New pharmacological activities of garlic and its constituents”, Nippon Yakurigaku Zasshi. Folia Pharmacologica Japonica, Oct., 1997. Suppl. 1 93p.*
S. Tsuyoshi Ohnishi;A Possible Beneficial Effect of Aged Garlic Extracts in the Management of Sickle Cell Anemia, Presented by Inventor, Nov. 1998.
Tamori Miyamoto, M.D.;Effects of Garlic on Hemograms; Journal of Machurian Medicine, vol. 22, 379-86, 1935; Abstract.
Shizutoshi Nakagawa, Koji Masamoto, Hiromichi Sumiyoshi, Kazuo Kunihiro and Toru Fawa;Effects of Raw Garlic Juice and Aged Garlic Extract on Growth of Young Rats and Their Organs After Peroral Administration; The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, vol. 5, 91-112, 1980.
Sadahiko Kuzutani;On Effects of Garlic(Allium Scorodoprasum.L.); Clinical Pathology and Hematology, vol. 3, No. 11, pp. 1175-1233, 1934.
Seizo Katsunuma;On Effects of Garlic on Anemia; Experimental Medicine, vol. 18, pp 442-444, 1932.
Yoshiyasu Hasegawa, Naganori Kikuchi, Yu Kawashima, Shunichi Ishikawa, Yasuhiro Ochiai, Hiroshi Shibata, Kawumasa Shimizu, Muheyuki Nishiyama;The Clinical Effects of Leopin-5 (LE-5) on Indefinite Complaints in Internal Medicine; 1984.
Katsugi Nagai, Shizutoshi Nakagawa, Seiko Ohsawa and Hiromi Suemori;The Effect of Aged Garlic Extract on Experimentally Induced Anemia in Rats; 1975.
Shizutoshi Nakagawa, Shigeo Kasuga and Hiromichi Matsuura;Prevention of Liver Damage by Aged Garlic Extract and Its Components in Mice; Phytotherapy Research, vol. 1., No. 0, 1988.
Winfred C. Wang;Role of Nutritional Supplement in Sickle Cell Disease; Journal of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, vol., 21, No. 3, May/Jun. 1999.
Notification of Transmittal of the International Search Report or the Declaration, Mar. 19, 2001.
Criares Theodore J.
Kim Jennifer
Oblon & Spivak, McClelland, Maier & Neustadt P.C.
Wakunaga of America Co., Ltd.
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