Textile structure useful as reinforcements in the manufacture of

Details Textile structure useful as reinforcements in the manufacture of Textile structure useful as reinforcements in the manufacture of

1990-10-22

1994-10-25

Lesmes, George F.

Stock material or miscellaneous articles

Pile or nap type surface or component

Interlaminar

428 85, 428 92, 428229, 428292, 428371, 428397, 57203, 57206, 57207, 57208, D03D 2700, D03D 300, D02G 336, D02G 302

Patent

active

053587677

DESCRIPTION:

BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention belongs to the field of textile components for the manufacture of composite materials. More particularly, the present invention relates to textile structures capable of serving as reinforcements in composite materials. It also relates to technical yarns or threads of novel configuration which are intended for such structures.
It is known that composite materials are formed from an intimate combination of reinforcing textile structures and impregnating resins or matrices. Such materials are widely employed at present, for example in the aeronautical industry. In order to obtain materials having the desired properties, it is necessary to use a relatively high proportion of textile structure, in particular by building up various reinforcing layers. It is known, however, that the impregnation of such reinforcing layers by the resins is not achieved optimally. Owing to the effect of mechanical stresses, this results in damage to the composite material due to a separation of certain layers within the textile reinforcement which is known to those skilled in the art as "delamination". It will be understood that, in view of the applications of such composite materials, it is essential to remedy such disadvantages.
One of the means proposed in the prior art to overcome such disadvantages consists, at least partly in the textile reinforcement, of a multidimensional, for example three-dimensional, structure. Such structures are satisfactory but they are expensive and take a long time to fabricate.
It may be said that the current criteria for choosing a textile structure serving as reinforcement of composite materials are: the nature of the yarns, the distribution and orientation of the latter, and also their method of use (for example in the form of woven structures or unidirectional laps). These criteria are used as a function of the desired properties for the composite material.


SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

An object of the present invention is to provide textile structures and yarns, the configuration of which enables a dimensional effect to be obtained in a reinforcement for composite materials, thereby making it possible to control delamination effectively and consequently to enhance the performance and safety of the composite materials thus obtained.
Another object of the invention is to provide a textile structure useful as a reinforcement in the manufacture of composite materials, said structure being produced at least partly using technical yarns comprising a core carrying projecting components which give the yarn a raised or relief configuration.
"Technical yarn" is understood to mean any yarn which can be used in structures intended for reinforcing composite materials, whether mineral, artificial or synthetic in nature. Such yarns, whether alone or mixed, are known to a person skilled in the art and are, for example, chosen from amongst carbon, aramid, glass, quartz, silica, silicon carbide, ceramic and similar yarns.
In the prior art, it had already been proposed in certain applications to subject a yarn to a surface treatment known as texturization, intended to slub the yarn. Reference may be made to U.S. Pat. No. 3,775,228. It will be noted first of all that such a texturization treatment cannot be employed for a large number of technical yarns, in particular on account of their low bending strength. Above all, however, texturization changes the appearance of the yarn itself without adding any other additional element. Moreover, the effect of texturization is only superficial and cannot be compared to a raised configuration as provided by the present invention. The latter, for example, may be created by adding loops and/or pile hairs onto the support yarn (core). The orientation of such reliefs, for example of these loops and/or pile hairs, produces a multidirectional effect which can be predetermined or, in contrast, random.
In the conventional textile art, it is known to produce fancy articles comprising yarns with additional elements, for example of th

REFERENCES:
patent: 3715878 (1973-02-01), Kim
patent: 3775228 (1973-11-01), Leary
patent: 3808087 (1974-04-01), Milewski et al.
patent: 3986331 (1976-10-01), Brumlik
patent: 4157645 (1979-06-01), Sostegni
patent: 5118569 (1992-06-01), Kuroda et al.

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