Electric heating – Heating devices – With heating unit structure
Patent
1987-02-13
1989-03-21
Goldberg, E. A.
Electric heating
Heating devices
With heating unit structure
219544, 219549, H05B 334
Patent
active
048145858
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
The invention relates to a textile fabric containing a heat-producing electrical conductor and the method of producing such a fabric.
Various state of the art surface heating systems are known. Generally one distinguishes between two types of systems. In one type a heated fluid or gaseous medium flows through conduits and gives off heat to the surroundings, and in the other system an electrical current flows through a resistance heating conductor, thereby heating the conductor and giving off heat to the surroundings. The invention relates to systems of the latter art.
Conventional surface heating systems of this type consist of a suitable resistance heating wire disposed in a fixed matrix. Plates of various size can be produced whereby the electrical resistance heating conductors are connected by soldering during installation to form a closed heating system. Such systems are very bulky and the installation is time-consuming, furthermore the soldering points may be defective and lead to operational problems.
A further electrical heating system is known by which the heat-producing conductor consists of a metal foil welded between two laminants. This heating system is available in thin foils of 0.2 mm thickness and preferably used as ceiling heating. As such, the material is relatively easy to handle. However, a disadvantage is that the material is only partially pliable and surface irregularities are difficult to correct. Essentially this material can only be applied to flat, smooth surfaces. It is not applicable, for example, to pipeline heating since it can not be adhered to pipe curvatures or the like.
Furthermore, all known surface heating elements have the disadvantage that they can be produced only with relatively small widths, so that large floor or ceiling surfaces must be installed with several heating elements comprising many heating circuits. This is undesirable and often does not meet the required safety regulations.
In addition tests have also been made wherein a textile fabric is used as a matrix through which a heat-producing electrical conductor has been drawn. This method, however, is not feasible on the industrial scale.
The object of the present invention is to present a surface heating system which is easy to produce, flexible, and can be applied to almost any surface or body and as far as possible adapts its form to such bodies. Further, the heating system should be as thin as possible and should allow large heat circuits, especially heat circuits with a large width.
The invention rests on the knowledge that known heating elements produced in the form of sized plates do not allow an enlargement of the heating surface. The same is true for systems produced as rolls with limited width which can only be varied in their length so that the application for large surfaces will always require soldering points or separate heating circuits. The invention provides a system for arbitrary length and width with fewer heating circuits or, most often, a single heating circuit.
The invention provides a textile fabric containing a heat-producing electrical conductor whereby the conductor can be disposed in the fabric in two different arts. In the first embodiment, the conductor is completely embedded in the fabric with the exception of the electrical contact leads, i. e. between the outer extremity of the conductor at the edge of the fabric a zone free of conductors remains (with the exception of the region of the electrical connector leads).
With this embodiment comprising a zone free of conductors it is possible by installation to cut and form the fabric at a distance from the conductors, in particular shortly before the turnaround point of the conductor (continuing the cut would cut the heating conductor which should not occur), thereby leaving a small portion of connecting fabric about which the two portions of fabric can be revolved and laid next to another. Depending on the angle with which one segment of fabric is revolved with respect to the other, arbitrary configurations of the fabric or the hea
REFERENCES:
patent: 2938992 (1960-05-01), Crump
patent: 3349359 (1967-10-01), Morey
patent: 3721799 (1973-03-01), Carlstrom
patent: 3946194 (1976-03-01), de la Bretoniere
patent: 4063069 (1977-12-01), Peeri
A. Earley John F.
A. Earley III John F.
Goldberg E. A.
Lateef M. M.
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