Textiles: fiber preparation – Working – Carding
Patent
1998-07-24
2000-03-14
Calvert, John J
Textiles: fiber preparation
Working
Carding
19101, 19114, D01G 1500
Patent
active
060354933
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
TECHNICAL FIELD
The invention is in the field of textiles and particularly relates to carding and fibre opening machines and to rollers for use in such machines.
BACKGROUND ART
The background art comprises two main groups viz. conventional carding machines hereinafter referred to as the prior art and Robert's specifications U.S. Pat. No. 4,090,276, GB. 1,412,109 and GB 1,075,444 which particularly concern the present invention and are hereinafter referred to as the relevant prior art. These latter specifications may briefly be described as providing a carding machine incorporating a train of at least three adjacent co-operating rollers, each roller of which has a first set of effective teeth which are angled forwardly (with respect to the direction of motion) and a second set of effective teeth which are angled rearwardly and which may also incorporate a roller having threaded-on rings of teeth; further, the teeth co-operate in point to point fashion and further, each of the said adjacent rollers in the train runs at a faster surface speed than its predecessor.
In the parts of this specification and claims relating to the present invention, certain words and expressions have special meanings ascribed to them as follows: in this specification may include machines used for attenuating, aligning and combing fibres and other related operations. In this specification, when referring to the relevant prior art, the roller is made up in two parts, the core and its separate card clothing which is usually wound on to the core. In one instance, however, the card clothing is made up of endless rings which are threaded on to the core. Two important distinctions between the prior art, the relevant prior art and one preferred form of the present invention is that in one section of the latter rings of teeth are interleaved and are, for this purpose, secured in precisely predetermined positions on the roller.
In one preferred form of the present invention, a roller consists of a roller bearing means and a special outer part in which the teeth are rooted.
`Special outer part` is the rigid outer part of a roller used in one preferred form of the present invention and is preferably made of steel. It may be integral with the roller bearing means or be a thick metal sleeve which is secured to the roller bearing means.
`Teeth` are projections attached to rollers said teeth acting on the fibres to card, open, attenuate and/or comb them. `Circumferential` describes a feature in a roller which runs around the circumference of a roller substantially at a right angle to the axis.
`Axial` describes a feature in a roller which runs along, the perimeter of a roller substantially in the direction of the axis.
`A ring of teeth` is a circle of teeth at a right angle to the axis of a roller.
`The base of a tooth` in one preferred form of the present invention is that part of a tooth by which it is attached to the special outer part of a roller. Preferably the teeth, the base and the special outer part are integral with each other. Alternatively, `The base of a tooth` might include the flexible wire base of metallic wound-on teeth if the said base were integral with the said teeth and, for instance, swaged into grooves machined in the said special outer part. The criterion for the said preferred for is that the bases must be secured in predetermined positions in relation to the axis of the roller. Nevertheless, in one form of the invention the base of a tooth is the flexible wire base of wound-on teeth.
An `angled forward` tooth has an effective leading edge inclined in the direction of rotation.
An `angled rearward` tooth has an effective trailing edge inclined in the direction opposite to that of rotation.
A `forward-rearward tooth` combines the features of the above teeth and has effective leading and trailing edges.
An `angled forward-backward facing tooth` is a tooth in which the leading edge is inclined in the direction of rotation and the trailing edge is backward facing but is also inclined in the direction of rotation.
The `trai
REFERENCES:
patent: 4090276 (1978-05-01), Roberts
patent: 4627131 (1986-12-01), Iwata
patent: 4843685 (1989-07-01), Vesa et al.
patent: 5655262 (1997-08-01), Sterin et al.
Browning Clifford W.
Calvert John J
Welch Gary L.
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