Temperature overshoot heater

Electric heating – Heating devices – With heating unit structure

Patent

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Details

219505, 219548, 252511, 264105, 338 22R, H05B 310

Patent

active

040177157

ABSTRACT:
Described herein are self-regulating heating articles. The article comprises a constant wattage layer and a layer that exhibits a positive temperature coefficient of resistance (PTC layer). At its steady state condition, the heater is self-regulated by the switching or anomaly temperature T.sub.s of the PTC layer. However, the constant wattage layer has a higher resistance at temperatures below T.sub.s and heats first when the article is connected to a source of electrical power. Means are provided to impede the temperature increase in the PTC layer caused by the heating of the constant wattage layer so that it can heat above T.sub.s before the PTC layer rises to T.sub.s and reduces the current flow to the heater. Further increases in temperature render the PTC layer, for most purposes, non-conductive. Specific impeding means include an electrically conductive, but thermally insulating layer and means that provide for non-uniform heating of the PTC layer so that it remains conductive across a part of its thickness.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3067311 (1962-12-01), Lacy-Hulbert
patent: 3311862 (1967-03-01), Rees
patent: 3351882 (1967-11-01), Kohler et al.
patent: 3375774 (1968-04-01), Fujimura et al.
patent: 3412358 (1968-11-01), Hummel et al.
patent: 3413442 (1968-11-01), Buiting et al.
patent: 3535484 (1970-10-01), Armbruster
patent: 3591526 (1971-07-01), Kawashima et al.
patent: 3673121 (1972-06-01), Meyer
patent: 3793716 (1974-02-01), Smith-Johannsen
patent: 3823217 (1974-07-01), Kampe
J. Meyer, "Glass Transition Temperatures as a Guide to the Selection of Polymers Suitable for PTC Materials," Polymer Engineering and Science, Nov. 1973, vol. 13, No. 6, pp. 462-468.
T905001, Dec. 1972, Day, 264/25.

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