Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices – circuits – and – Signal converting – shaping – or generating – Particular stable state circuit
Reexamination Certificate
1999-10-15
2002-06-25
Tran, Toan (Department: 2816)
Miscellaneous active electrical nonlinear devices, circuits, and
Signal converting, shaping, or generating
Particular stable state circuit
Reexamination Certificate
active
06411148
ABSTRACT:
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the subscriber terminal system which includes a telephone and telemetering apparatuses. More specifically, it relates to the telemetering apparatuses which detect the signals sent from the exchange upon starting and stopping of use of the communication line between the exchange and the subscriber.
Conventionally, there have been used the telephone network, where the exchange provides with power supply to activate the telephone in house via the communication line, When an origination subscriber call up a destination subscriber, the exchange inverts the polarity of the voltage applied to the communication line between the exchange and the destination subscriber in order to notify to the destination subscriber the starting and stopping of use of the communication line therebetween.
Also, there have been the telemetering system via telephone network to easily gather information periodically.
FIG. 75
is a diagram showing the telemetering system, and
FIG. 76
is a block diagram showing the telemetering apparatus. In the telemetering system, for example, the electric power company, the waterworks company, and the gas company each telemeter electric power, water, and gas used in home via telephone network. In each house are installed the power telemetering apparatus, the water telemetering apparatus, and the gas telemetering apparatus corresponding to the respective companies. When one of the companies starts or stop use of the communication line for telemetering, the exchange inverts the voltage polarity of the power supply applied to the communication line between the exchange and the destination consumer. In order to distinguish a use of telemetering apparatus and a use of telephone from each other, the forms of those polarity inversions are different from each other. As the result, the telemetering apparatuses have the polarity inversion detection circuit for detecting the polarity inversion, the bell signal detection circuit for detecting the bell signal, and the controlling circuit for controlling the detection circuits and gathering data on electric power, water, and gas from the power meter, the water meter, and the gas meter.
FIG. 77
is a time chart showing wave shapes, in which FIG.
77
(
a
) illustrates the wave shape of the polarity inversion of telephone (normal polarity inversion); FIG.
77
(
b
) illustrates the wave shape of the polarity inversion of telemetering (slow polarity inversion); and FIG.
77
(
c
) illustrates the wave shape of the calling bell signal. The wave shape of the bell follows only the normal voltage polarity inversion in calling the destination subscriber for telephone conversation, not following the slow voltage polarity inversion. Upon starting or stopping of use of the communication line, the telemetering apparatus tries to detect the normal polarity inversion and the calling bell signal, or the slow polarity inversion. If both of a polarity inversion and a calling bell signal are found, the telemetering apparatus does not start telemetering but the telephone does works. On the contrary, if a polarity inversion is found, but no calling bell signal is found, the telemetering apparatus starts telemetering. In summary, the conventional telemetering apparatus did not detect a slow polarity inversion owing to its technical difficulty: there has been provided no electric power during the period between the end of the first half of the slow polarity inversion and the start of the second half thereof because the applied voltage keeps ground level during the period. With respect to the above system and apparatus, there is such a document as Japanese Laid Open HEI 6-237307.
FIG. 2
illustrates a conventional polarity inversion detection circuit. The polarity inversion detection circuit has a rectifier
1
connected to a pair of communication lines L
1
and L
2
. Moreover, the communication line L
1
connects to an array of diodes
2
that are connected in series, a Zener diode
3
connected to the array of diodes in parallel, an emitter resistor
4
, two transistors Darlington-connected between the resistor
4
and an output terminal of the array of diodes
2
, and a polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
9
which includes a diode
7
and a resistor
8
, both of which are connected in series to the collector of a transistor
6
, the collector being located at the output side of the transistors
5
and
6
. The communication line L
2
connects to a polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
10
having the same configuration as that of polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
9
. Between the output terminal of the array of the diodes
2
in the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
9
and the output terminal of the array of the diodes in the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
10
, a Zener diode
11
, a resistor
12
, a capacitor
13
, a resistor
14
and a Zener diode
15
are connected in series in this described order.
Between a positive electrode output terminal
1
a
and a negative electrode output terminal
1
b
of the rectifier
1
, two holding circuits
16
and
17
, which operate on an output from the rectifier
1
, are connected in parallel. Between both of the holding circuits
16
and
17
and the negative electrode output terminal
1
b
, reset circuits
18
and
19
both. of which halt the operation of holding by the holding circuits
16
and
17
respectively are connected.
Upon starting and releasing use of the communication lines L
1
and L
2
, the exchange inverts the polarity of voltage applied thereto so as to notify the telemetering apparatus of the starting and releasing. When the polarity inversion on the communication lines L
1
and L
2
starts and-when thereby the voltage between the communication lines L
1
and L
2
varies, either Zener diode
11
or Zener diode
12
detects the change to turn into a current passing state, and thus a polarity inversion detection trigger current flows in accordance with charging and discharging on the capacitor
13
. The polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
9
or the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
10
amplifies a trigger current via the array of the diodes
2
, the Zener diodes
11
and
15
, the resistor
12
and
14
in the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
9
or in the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
10
. The holding circuit
16
or the holding circuit
17
holds polarity inversion information with an amplified trigger current, outputted from the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
9
or from the polarity inversion detection amplification circuit
10
, as a trigger. Also, they output the polarity inversion information to the controlling circuit using a externally attached circuit such a photo coupler. At the point of time when it is not necessary to hold the polarity inversion information, a reset signal is given from the controlling circuit so that the held information in the holding circuits
16
and
17
are cleared. Thus, they return to be in a stand-by state.
In the manner as described above, since the polarity inversion information on the communication lines L
1
and L
2
is obtained, conventional telemetering apparatus detects a polarity inversion using, for example, the polarity inversion detection circuit such as shown in FIG.
2
. Finally, the controlling circuit determines which of telemetering or telephone the purpose of using the communication line is oriented to, which depends on a bell signal which will follow the normal polarity inversion and will not follow the slow polarity inversion.
For detection of bell signal, conventional bell signal detection circuits experience logic OR of two polarity inversion information indicating either a starting or a releasing which is generated by the Zener diodes
11
and
15
shown in
FIG. 2
, the resistors
12
and
14
, the capacitor
13
and the polarity inversion detection amplification circuits
9
and
10
, whereby, they obta
Kotaka Toshihiko
Miyashita Tokio
Nakamura Tokuo
Uehara Hironobu
Frank Robert J.
Gluck Jeffrey W.
Oki Electric Industry Co. Ltd.
Tran Toan
Venable
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