Dispensing – Molten metal dispensing – With heating or cooling
Patent
1986-07-23
1988-02-16
Rolla, Joseph J.
Dispensing
Molten metal dispensing
With heating or cooling
222591, 164443, 164485, B22D 11124, B22D 3506
Patent
active
047249854
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to teeming ladles, for example, for steel, more particularly to an improvement for cooling the ladle nozzle while the ladle is in use.
Ladle nozzles are refractory bricks lining the wall of the ladle runner (casting channel). Contact of the steel with the refractory brick during teeming erodes the nozzle. Also, when the ladle is returned to maintenance after teeming the runner is still full of largely solidified steel. This carrot or plug of steel must be burnt off with an oxygen lance so as to clean the nozzle wall. In this operation there is severe deterioration of the nozzle because the tip of the burner flame produces at the point of contact a very substantial temperature rise and, therefore, damages the inside surface.
Also, the runner wall in the stationary fixed plate of the teeming system, the plate being disposed below the ladle base, wears very appreciably because of the high temperature of the steel.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The invention is for an improvement enabling the nozzle to be cooled continuously during teeming and during ladle maintenance work so as to protect the nozzle wall against overheating and thus obviate slow but steady erosion of the wall while teeming is proceeding and damage of the runner wall when maintenance operations are proceeding.
The invention achieves this aim by a teeming ladle distinguished by an annular cooling chamber which extends over the periphery ot the ladle nozzle, a hollow ring being so disposed in the annular chamber as to extend substantially coaxially of the runner, the ring wall being pierced with orifices along ring length, the ring interior communicating with a cooling fluid supply line, the wall of the annular chamber being formed with an aperture for removal of the cooling fluid distributed by the distributor ring. The annular cooling chamber can be formed in the ladle nozzle or by an outer casing which extends around at least some of the nozzle.
The invention, in addition to increasing ladle nozzle life because of the appreciable reduction in the temperature of the runner wall as hereinbefore explained, also ensures effective cooling of the stationary plate of the teeming system, such plate being contiguous to the ladle base; consequently, the life of the nozzle is increased appreciably.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of the base of a runner for steel;
FIG. 2 is a view in section of a first embodiment of a ladle nozzle according to the invention, and
FIG. 3 is a view with partial sectioning of a second embodiment of a ladle nozzle according to the invention.
DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT
Referring to FIG. 1, there can be seen the bottom of a teeming ladle 10 with a casting channel or runner 1 lined with a refractory brick 2 known as the nozzle. The teeming system hereinbefore referred to has a stationary plate 20.
According to the invention, the nozzle 2 is embodied with a cooling casing. FIG. 2 illustrates a first embodiment. Over some of its length the nozzle 2 has an annular chamber 3 which is, with advantage, provided internally with a metal casing 4. In the top of the chamber 3 there is a hollow ring 5 which extends in a plane transverse to axis I of the runner 1 and substantially coaxially thereof. The wall of the ring 5 is pierced with orifices 6 right along ring length. Through the agency of the ring 5 a cooling fluid introduced thereinto through a metal duct 7 connected to a cooling fluid supply line 8 is distributed. The ring 5 therefore distributes cooling fluid, for instance compressed air, right around the periphery of the nozzle 2 in the top part of the chamber 3; after having flowed round the ring 5 the cooling fluid flows through the chamber 3 downwardly towards a removal orifice 9 disposed near the transverse plane containing the bottom orifice of the runner 1. If the rate of cooling fluid flow is sufficient, the cooling fluid provides effective cooling of the nozzle 2, thus obviating over rapid deterioration thereof and helping to
REFERENCES:
patent: 1145948 (1915-07-01), Waern
patent: 2136394 (1938-11-01), Poland et al.
patent: 2225660 (1940-12-01), Rogers
patent: 3570713 (1971-03-01), Tromel
patent: 4426067 (1984-01-01), Hopkins
Pedersen Nils
Rolla Joseph J.
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