Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces – auxiliary compositions – Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing – Solid – shaped macroscopic article or structure
Patent
1996-10-10
1999-05-04
McGinty, Douglas J.
Cleaning compositions for solid surfaces, auxiliary compositions
Cleaning compositions or processes of preparing
Solid, shaped macroscopic article or structure
510294, 510298, 510507, 510511, 510531, 510532, 510533, 510534, 210687, 4233282, 423332, C11D 714, C01B 3332
Patent
active
059003995
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to tablets, preferably washing- or cleaning-active tablets, more particularly detergent tablets or compounds in tabletted form for detergents, which contain silicate-based builders.
2. Discussion of Related Art
Detergent tablets have a number of advantages over detergent powders, including simple dosing and minimal packaging volume. However, problems arise out of the fact that, to achieve adequate dimensional stability and breaking strength, relatively high pressures have to be applied during the tabletting of the powder-form components. In view of their high compaction, corresponding tablets often show unsatisfactory disintegrating and dissolving properties in use. Further difficulties arise out of the presence of nonionic surfactants. According to the teaching of the International patent application WO-A-90102165, these problems can be solved if at least two granular components are produced before tabletting, most of the anionic surfactants being present in one component and most of the nonionic surfactants being present in the other component. The component containing the anionic surfactants preferably contains up to 20% by weight of anionic surfactants, including soaps, up to 30% by weight of water-containing zeolite, up to 40% by weight of inorganic salts, such as amorphous silicates and carbonates, up to 5% by weight of polycarboxylates, up to 20% by weight of sulfate and up to at most 5% by weight of water which is not fixed to the zeolite. The last three items apply equally to the second component which, in a preferred embodiment, additionally contains up to 15% by weight of nonionic surfactants, up to 20% by weight of water-containing zeolite and up to 10% by weight of soda. Other components, for example containing bleaching agents and/or enzymes, are also optionally present.
Crystalline layer-form sodium silicates having the formula NaMSi.sub.x O.sub.2x+1.yH.sub.2 O, where M is sodium or hydrogen, x is a number of 1.9 to 4 and y is a number of 0 to 20, preferred values for x being 2, 3 or 4, can replace phosphates and zeolites. Corresponding crystalline layer silicates are described, for example, in European patent application EP-A-0 164 514. Preferred crystalline layer silicates are those in which M stands for sodium and x assumes a value of 2 or 3. Both .beta.- and .delta.-sodium disilicates Na.sub.2 Si.sub.2 O.sub.5.yH.sub.2 O are particularly preferred, .beta.-sodium disilicate being obtainable, for example, by the process described in International patent application WO-A-91/08171. .beta.-Sodium disilicate is commercially available under the name of SKS 7.RTM. while .delta.-sodium disilicate is commercially available under the name of SKS 6.RTM. (both products of Hoechst AG, Federal Republic of Germany). These powders generally have an apparent density below 600 g/l and large fine-particle components, normally of more than 30% by weight, with a particle size below 0.1 mm. Since crystalline layer silicates undergo losses in their effect as builders during the spray drying of detergent-containing slurries, presumably as a result of the partial destruction of their crystalline structure, they should preferably be incorporated in detergents or cleaning formulations by other methods. However, in view of their large fine-particle component and hence their dust-like structure, these powders are also unsuitable for use as a component to be mixed with other granular components of detergents. In the granulation of crystalline layer-form sodium silicates, damage can be caused to equipment on account of the highly abrasive properties of these silicates. This means on the one hand that process safety is endangered and additional inspections of the mixing and granulating tools are necessary and, on the other hand, that the silicate-based product can be contaminated with traces of metals, especially heavy metals, through the erosion of material. It is desirable for ecological reasons to keep the contamination of the end product t
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Jung Dieter
Koch Otto
Seiter Wolfgang
Stevermann Birgit
Douyon Lorna M.
Grandmaison Real J.
Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien
Jaeschke Wayne C.
McGinty Douglas J.
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