Optics: measuring and testing – Velocity or velocity/height measuring – With light detector
Patent
1978-02-21
1980-07-01
Moskowitz, Nelson
Optics: measuring and testing
Velocity or velocity/height measuring
With light detector
356 5, 367 89, G01P 336
Patent
active
042103991
ABSTRACT:
Apparatus for detecting relative motion between a rough reflecting surface and a wave transmitting and receiving system in a plane parallel or perpendicular to the reflecting surface comprised of a transmitter (radar, laser, acoustic, and the like), a receiver having the same or different aperture as the transmitter, and means for detecting the finest interference fringes in the reflected wave pattern. Each fringe detected represents relative motion through a distance, S, that is a function of the maximum dimension, D, of the transmitting aperture. By counting fringes, total relative motion is determined, and by counting fringes for a unit of time, the rate of that motion is determined. For a small transmitting aperture, the distance, S, between fringes is directly related to kD in the parallel plane and to kD/tan .theta., in the normal plane, where .theta. is the angle between a reference axis normal to the reflecting surface and the axis of the receiving aperture, and k is a calibration constant equal to unity when the transmitting and receiving apertures are at the same distance, H, from the reflecting surface. For a large aperture, S.perspectiveto..lambda.H/kD in the parallel plane and S.perspectiveto..lambda.H/kD tan .theta. in the normal plane. In either plane, for the condition of k.perspectiveto.1, the spacing S.perspectiveto..lambda.H/D and S.perspectiveto..lambda.H/D tan .theta. can be measured with a linear scan array so that with .lambda., D and .theta. known, the distance H can be determined.
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patent: 3472593 (1969-10-01), Drinkwater
patent: 3838424 (1974-09-01), Goldfischer
patent: 3952583 (1976-04-01), Rosati
patent: 4068207 (1978-01-01), Andermo et al.
Stavis, "Optical Diffraction Velocimeter", 2/66, pp. 99-102, Instruments and Control Systems, vol. 39.
Aggarwal et al., "Simultaneous Measurement . . . Photography", 6/77, pp. 420-423, Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics (New Delhi), vol. 15, #6.
Stavis, "A New Velocity Sensing Technique Using Laser Light", 10/64, pp. 1.3.5-1 to 1.3.5-7, East Coast Conference on Aerospace and Navigational Electronics, Balt., Md.
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