System for rate immunonephelometric analysis

Details System for rate immunonephelometric analysis System for rate immunonephelometric analysis

1977-05-16

1979-06-12

Engle, Samuel W.

Optics: measuring and testing

By particle light scattering

With photocell detection

23230B, 356338, G01N 2100, G01N 3100

Patent

active

041578716

ABSTRACT:
A system for the detection of precipitate-forming antigens by means of the reaction with their corresponding antibodies is disclosed. The reaction of precipitate-forming antigens with their respective antibodies produces a precipitate in proportion to either the antibody concentration or the antigen concentration, depending on which is present in excess. The method does not require formation of actual precipitate, but measures the formation of "scattering centers" -- i.e., molecular aggregates of sufficient size to produce measurable scatter of light. The quantity of scattering centers formed is measured by nephelometric means and the measuring system performs an immunonephelometric analysis. In particular, the rate of change of the nephelometric signal with respect to time is measured and the peak rate and time to the peak rate established. From these simultaneous measurements both the antigen/antibody concentration and the condition of antibody or antigen excess are determined.

REFERENCES:
patent: 3725204 (1973-04-01), Marshall
patent: 3730842 (1973-05-01), Wyatt
patent: 3748044 (1973-07-01), Liston
patent: 3832532 (1974-08-01), Praglin
patent: 3905767 (1975-09-01), Morris
patent: 3967901 (1976-07-01), Rodriguez
patent: 3990851 (1976-11-01), Gross
patent: 4063817 (1977-12-01), Shimamura

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