Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus – Means feeding fluent stock from plural sources to common... – Extrusion shaping means
Patent
1996-08-28
1998-05-19
Nguyen, Khanh P.
Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
Means feeding fluent stock from plural sources to common...
Extrusion shaping means
425135, 425145, 264 401, 264 407, B29C 4792
Patent
active
057532737
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The invention relates to a system for monitoring and controlling the material composition and plastic or ductile deformation of the mass flow of a machine.
The invention is to be used where a mass flow that is plastically deformable, respectively, that in a ductile state can be deformed or is deformed, occurs in a production process. This relates especially to processes in the ceramics industry and the manufacture of food stuffs.
Known are measuring devices for determining the material consistency, which are called penetrometer. The penetration body can be in the form of a needle, a rod, a cone, a ball or similar shapes. Its size can be between that of a match and that of a pencil. The penetration occurs under free fall conditions for predetermined loading or supported by spring force. The penetration depth into the material to be examined is measured. When needed, it is also possible for a suitable penetration body to measure the time-dependent course until the end of penetration is reached. The depth of penetration is used as a parameter for the material consistency. (Manual to "Automatisches Penetrometer AP 1" Hersteller: VEB Feinme.beta. Dresden, 1972) and (U. Hoffmann und D. Mannheim: "Anwendung des Federpenetrometers' Solitest" in "Die Ermiftlung von praxisorientierten Kenndaten zur Charakterisierung von Tonen und tonkeramischen Massen", Fortschrittsberichte der DKG, Vol. 8 (1993) issue 1--Charakterisierung toniger Rohstoffe und tonkeramischer Massen--).
The Penetrometer allows measurements only to be carried out by hand or to be initiated by hand, which measurements are performed at discrete intervals.
In Bostrom, S.: Kautschuk-Handbuch, Berliner Union Stuttgart 1962 p. 131-138, the different devices for measuring softness and hardness are disclosed. A softness testing is very similar to the hardness testing according to Brinell and differs only in that the ball diameter is greater (10 mm instead of 5 mm) and the load is less (1000 g instead of 50 kg). The softness test numbers result as the difference between the penetration depth of a polished hardened steel ball with a preload of 50 g and a main load of 1000 g.
From German Patent 34 34 904 a method and a device for monitoring a continuously extruded profiled band comprised of one or a plurality of mixtures or a thermoplastic material. The length shrinkage values of the profiled band resulting along a cooling path are determined mechanically/electrically or optically/electronically and the sensed values are sent to a control device connected to a scale, measuring the meter weight, which control device thus adjusts the nominal shrinkage values.
In U.S. Pat. No. 4,097,566 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,609,336 solutions are disclosed which, also based on electronic and/or mechanical measuring sensors, determine the dimensions of an extruded foil band and the control parameters for affecting the dimensions of the foil band.
With the disclosed devices a continuous measurement of the consistency or softness or hardness is not possible. With the disclosed measuring methods it is impossible to deduce the material composition of a mixture.
The invention has the object of solving the problem of continuously analyzing mass flows in production processes in order to determine, based on the measured values, characteristic parameters of the production process and of the material composition and to save those values which serve for the material analysis and/or machine monitoring. The parameters should also serve to determine control parameters for affecting the production process and to document quality assurance of the production process.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The system for monitoring and controlling the composition and the plastic deformation of material being processed in a processing machine according to the present invention comprises at least one measuring arrangement comprising:
a first pivotable lever connected to the processing machine at a location where the material flows;
the first pivotable lever biased by a force such that
REFERENCES:
patent: 4097566 (1978-06-01), Bertin et al.
patent: 4609336 (1986-09-01), Stevenson et al.
patent: 5225209 (1993-07-01), Hayashi
patent: 5520870 (1996-05-01), Allan et al.
Automatic Penetrometer AP 4/2.
Fortschrittsberichte . . . Gesellschaft; 2/3 Jun. 1992.
Siegfried Bostrom; Kautschuk-Handbuch; 29 Aug. 1972; pp. 130-139.
Grober Volker
Ratzenberger Hansgeorg
innovatheim Prof. Dr. Leisenberg GmbH & Co. KG
Nguyen Khanh P.
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