Refrigeration – Low pressure cold trap process and apparatus
Patent
1995-12-18
1997-07-08
Kilner, Christopher
Refrigeration
Low pressure cold trap process and apparatus
62601, B01D 800, B01D 4710
Patent
active
056449232
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
As expressed in the title of this specification, the present invention refers to a system for filtering residual contaminant particles for smoke and gas through atomized ultrafreezing, which proves to be a very efficient and low cost system in comparison with other conventional ones that carry out the same function.
It advantageously avoids contaminant particles and gas from coming out to the outside, without thus producing "acid rain", which seriously harms plants.
On the other hand, this system of the invention allows some elements of the residual product to be recovered.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Presently, different systems to purify gas and smoke consisting of water baths or baths of other liquids that act as a filter for the products tc be purified are known.
The efficiency of said systems is not as good as would be expected, whereas the cost of the assembly and installation thereof is very high. Besides, the purification is not totally correct, which implies that some contaminant elements come out to the outside after purification.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
To overcome the above mentioned problems, the invention proposes a system for filtering residual contaminant particles for smoke and gas through atomized ultrafreezing, mainly preventing the contaminant elements that cause the so-called "acid rain" from being expelled to the atmosphere. Another important feature is that the cost of assembly and installation of the unit is relatively inexpensive. In short, it is a very efficient system.
The smoke to be purified passes first of all through a top inlet mouth and then continues until it reaches a Venturi-type valve, that regulates the speed of the smoke or gas, that then passes through a group of sprayed or atomized water injectors, then forming a fine rain, which is then ultrafreezed by the action of two liquid nitrogen showers, which will cause an advantageous solidification of the fine rain into a hail-like mass, which then precipitates to a bottom decanter. The decanter includes two separators, one which retains the precipitated hail that later comes out through a discharge valveand a second slower separator inserted before the outlet mouth or chimney, through which the totally purified air is expelled to the atmosphere.
On the other hand, for the purpose of reducing the liquid nitrogen consumption and as a second embodiment, replacement of the showers of this gas by a coil protected bv a suitable insulating material is provided for, at the same time that it will be placed outside over the decantation duct, said coil occupying part of the bottom decanter.
Depending on the temperature of the fluid (smoke or gas) to be purified, inclusion of a heat exchanger when it is necessary to reduce the temperature of the fluid or a condenser when it is necessary to increase said temperature in the inlet mouth has been provided for. This particular fact is important, since in order to attain total efficiency of the system, it is necessary for the fluid to be at the most suitable temperature upon entering the system.
Depending on the type of fluid to be purified, there is the possibility of using or not using atomized water injectors.
Hereinafter to provide a better understanding of this specification and forming an integral part of the same, a series of figures wherein the object of the invention has been represented in an illustrative and non-restrictive manner is attached hereto.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the entire system for filtering residual contaminant particles for smoke and gas through atomized ultrafreezing, object of the invention. Among other elements, it includes some liquid nitrogen showers to solidify the contaminant products.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to the previous one, wherein the liquid nitrogen showers have been replaced by an outside coil through which said liquid nitrogen flows in order to condense or freeze the contaminant products.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the numbering used in F
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