Multiplex communications – Wide area network – Packet switching
Patent
1993-08-23
1996-08-27
Chin, Wellington
Multiplex communications
Wide area network
Packet switching
370 691, 375362, 4551822, H04J 1100, H04L 27144
Patent
active
055508120
DESCRIPTION:
BRIEF SUMMARY
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention refers to a system for broadcasting and receiving digital data within time divisional multiplexed channels, grouped in frames, each frame comprising multicarrier symbols, including data symbols and system symbols, each symbol comprising a set of orthogonal frequency division multiplexed carriers at carrier positions within a frequency raster with regular carrier spacing.
The invention also refers to a receiver and to a transmitter for use in such system.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Such system as well as a receiver and a transmitter for use in such system is known e.g. from the article "Digital Sound Broadcasting to Mobile Receivers" by B. Le Floch et at, published in "IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics", Volume 35, number 3, August 1989.
In the abovementioned known system each carrier position within the symbols is occupied either by a data carrier or by a virtual carrier, having a window length being at least equal to one period of the lowest data carrier frequency, the virtual carriers having no signal power.
The digital data to be broadcasted are modulated on said data carriers using differential quadrature phase shift key modulation (DQPSK). The carriers are thereafter conversed via an inverse FFT (Fast Fourder Transform) processor into I (In-phase) and Q (Quadrature) time signals, followed by a quadrature modulation of these time signals on a transmission carrier. This system can be used for broadcasting digital audio signals and is therefore indicated as OFDM DAB (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Digital Audio Broadcasting) system.
In the receiver the reverse signal processing occurs: by using a local tuning oscillator followed by a quadrature demodulator the above baseband I and Q time signals are derived from the received quadrature modulated transmission carrier. After an analog to digital conversion these baseband I and Q time signals are applied to an FFT processor, subsequently followed by a differential demodulator, a circuit for sample deinterleaving and error correction, a sound decoding device and sound reproduction means.
In a typical usage mode an FFT of 512 points is used for modulating 448 data carriers, the remaining 64 carriers being virtual carriers as these virtual carriers have no signal power and therewith no transmission capacity. The data carriers occupy the middle range of the frequency raster, the virtual carriers are located in two mutually equal numbered groups adjacent to the group of said data carriers. The virtual carriers therewith occupy frequency ranges at each of both edges of the frequency raster which fall within the transition bands of the filters, used for selecting the useful signal at the receiver's side.
Each symbol is preceded by a guard interval for dealing with multipath effects. Each frame starts with a number of system symbols, including a zero symbol, which is used for a.o. frame synchronization and for determining channel properties and a phase reference symbol, hereinafter referred to as reference symbol, for initial phase reference.
In order to avoid carrier leakage, the FFT window has to be equal to an integer number of the period of the baseband signals. This means, that the frequency deviation of the local tuning oscillator in the receiver may only deviate from that of the local oscillator in transmitter over a very small distance. A typical value for a single frequency network (SFN) with a symbolperiod Ts=1250 microsec. is 25 Hz relative to 125 MHz or 0.2 p.p.m..
In the above article an AFC (Automatic Frequency Control) system is disclosed, which is based on a detection of the systematic deviation of the DQPSK signal vector from its expected value. In this way it is possible to detect and correct a maximum phase deviation of .+-.45 degrees. Because of the use of differential modulation, this corresponds to a maximum frequency deviation of .+-.1/8Ts.
In the above example of a SFN the required stability or free running frequency tolerance range of the local oscillator is then 100 Hz relative to
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Le Floch et al., "Digital Sound Broadcasting to Mobile Receivers", IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, vol. 35, No. 3, Aug. 1989, pp. 493-503.
Alard et al., "Principles of modulation and channel coding for digital broadcasting for mobile receivers", EBU Review Technical, No. 224, Aug. 1987, pp. 168-190.
Barschall Anne E.
Chin Wellington
Nguyen Chau T.
U.S. Philips Corporation
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